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"Most viewed" Articles are from the articles published in 2023 during the last six month.
- Original Article
- Developmental and Behavioral Medicine
- Attention-deficit/hyperactive-impulsive disorder symptoms among grade 1 students with reading disorder in Thailand
(1,568 times)
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Patcharapun Sarisuta, Issarapa Chunsuwan, Tippawan Hansakunachai, Paskorn Sritipsukho
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(11):485-492. Published online October 24, 2023
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Question: Would students with reading disorder have a significantly higher prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactiveimpulsive disorder (ADHD) symptoms than neurotypical students?
Finding: Students at risk of reading disorder exhibited significant ADHD symptoms compared with those not at risk of reading disorder according to all presentations of teacher assessments versus only for predominantly inattentive presentations of the parental assessments.
Meaning: Students with reading disorder have a significantly higher prevalence of ADHD symptoms than neurotypical students. Sex, parental education level, average family income, and children’s school affiliation significantly influenced reading disorder prevalence. |
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- Editorial
- Pulmonology
- Wheezing in infants and preschoolers: phenotypes and treatment options
(1,559 times)
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Jung Yeon Shim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(1):26-27. Published online December 6, 2022
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· Knowing who will develop into asthma or who will not is important to impose proper treatment and early intervention in a child with the first episode of wheezing.
· Phenotypes of severe bronchiolitis in less than 2-year-old children with first episode of wheezing were suggested for different treatment options
· RV-induced and/or atopy-associated severe wheezing in preschool children may benefit from early intervention of asthma treatment. |
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- Original Article
- Endocrinology
- Prednisolone impairs trabecular bone score changes in adolescents with 21-hydroxylase deficiency
(1,529 times)
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Pattara Wiromrat, Yutapong Raruenrom, Phanpaphorn Namphaisan, Nantaporn Wongsurawat, Ouyporn Panamonta, Chatlert Pongchaiyakul
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(3):238-246. Published online November 13, 2024
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Question: What is the prevalence of an impaired trabecular bone score (TBS), a measure of bone microarchitecture, in adolescents with 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD)? Do prednisolone and hydrocortisone affect TBS differently in this patient population?
Finding: Impaired TBS was observed in 18% of participants. Prednisolone use negatively impacted TBS change.
Meaning: Impaired TBS is prevalent among adolescents with 21OHD. Prednisolone impairs trabecular bone microarchitecture development. |
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- Infection
- Predicting COVID-19 transmission in a student population in Seoul, South Korea, 2020–2021
(1,509 times)
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Young Hwa Lee, Han Ho Kim, Young June Choe
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(4):173-178. Published online December 22, 2022
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Question: What is the spatial distribution and determinants of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection among students in Korea?
Finding: The community population was closely associated with the risk of COVID-19, and the number of students per school class were inversely associated with COVID-19 rates in students.
Meaning: Our finding suggests that controlling the community-level burden of COVID-19 can help prevent sudden acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in school-aged children. |
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- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Respiratory severity score-guided postnatal systemic corticosteroid therapy for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm infants
(1,496 times)
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Gyeong Eun Yeom, Ju Sun Heo, Baek Sup Shin, Seh Hyun Kim, Seung Han Shin, Ee-Kyung Kim, Han-Suk Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(9):656-665. Published online July 8, 2025
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Question: Does a respiratory severity score (RSS)-guided postnatal corticosteroid protocol improve respiratory outcomes of extremely preterm (EP) infants without worsening neurodevelopmental outcomes?
Finding: The protocol enabled targeted and early steroid use, thereby reducing severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia without affecting mortality or causing neurodevelopmental impairments.
Meaning: The RSS-guided protocol may offer a more precise and individualized postnatal corticosteroid therapy for EP infants. |
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- Cardiology
- Unsustainable and overworked: unpacking the challenges faced by pediatric cardiologists and cardiac surgeons in Korea
(1,494 times)
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Soo In Jeong, GI Beom Kim, Sung Hye Kim, Jae Yoon Na, Hong Ju Shin, Sin Weon Yun, Lucy Youngmin Eun, Sang Yun Lee, Chang-Ha Lee, Kwang Ho Choi, Seul Gi Cha, Mi Young Han
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(9):732-741. Published online August 6, 2025
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Question: What are the key challenges affecting pediatric cardiologists and cardiac surgeons in Korea?
Finding: Excessive workloads, low procedural volumes, and legal risks contribute to high burnout. Regional disparities limit skill maintenance and threaten workforce sustainability.
Meaning: Targeted policies ensuring fair workloads, legal protections, and regional support are essential to stabilizing the pediatric cardiac workforce and maintaining high-quality care. |
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- Infection
- Seroprevalence of maternal peripartum human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the Nigerian literature
(1,445 times)
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Abdulrasheed Usman, Muhammad Hamis Musa, Bukhari Isah Shuaib, Olayemi Balogun, Mukhtar Adeiza
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(7):307-316. Published online December 22, 2022
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The peripartum period is an important transmission time for human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) infection, mainly via breastfeeding and partly through the placental tissues of carrier mothers. Although most HTLV-1–infected individuals are asymptomatic, fetal and childhood infections often result in several diseases with disappointing treatment outcomes. An estimated HTLV-1 burden in Nigeria among perinatal women must be determined to enable rational planning of a comprehensive health care intervention. |
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- Letter to the Editor
- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Association between feeding intolerance and intestinal dysbiosis in very premature infants
(1,442 times)
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Putri Maharani Tristanita Marsubrin, Agus Firmansyah, Rinawati Rohsiswatmo, Zakiudin Munasir, Saptawati Bardosono, Safarina G. Malik, Yuditiya Purwosunu, Ina S. Timan, Tetty Yuniati, Maya Yulindhini
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(11):501-503. Published online October 24, 2023
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- Original Article
- Genetics and Metabolism
- Role of microRNA-498 and microRNA-410 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
(1,436 times)
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Eman Salah Eldeen Arafat, Hasnaa Hesham Abotaleb, Dina Abdel Razek Midan, Abdel Hamid Abdo Ismail, Zeinab Sabri Abouzouna
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(7):512-521. Published online February 26, 2025
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Question: Is it role of microRNA-410 (miRNA-410) and microRNA-498 (miRNA-498) in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE)?
Findings: miRNA-498 and miRNA-410 can be auxiliary diagnostic and prognostic tools for neonatal HIE.
Meaning: we can use miRNA-498 and miRNA-410 as markers and indicator for HIE. |
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- Editorial
- Neurology
- Understanding the usefulness of electroencephalography source localization
(1,428 times)
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Bo Lyun Lee
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(5):210-211. Published online April 18, 2023
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· Electroencephalography (EEG) records brain activity with high temporal resolution.
· EEG source localization, combined with other functional or structural imaging methods, provides information about brain network and connectivity in clinical neuroscience.
· EEG source localization identifies brain location from electrical current sources in several neuropsychiatric diseases such as epilepsy, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety disorders. |
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- Gastroenterology
- Noninvasive and simple, but accurate? Meta-analysis of evidence-based point-of-care ultrasound for assessing dehydration in children
(1,427 times)
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Jin-Hee Oh
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(11):475-476. Published online July 11, 2023
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· Point-of-care ultrasound imaging, including measurement of the inferior vena cava/aorta ratio, is powerful for evaluating the hemodynamic status of pediatric patients.
· Owing to the limited feasibility of randomized clinical trials and insufficient data in children, imaging tools require validation.
· Objective validity meta-analyses of imaging studies can affect clinical decision-making and serve as a cornerstone for evidence-based practice in pediatrics. |
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- Neurobehavior
- Importance of pediatrician’s role in preventing positional plagiocephaly
(1,421 times)
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Hee-Jeong Kang
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(6):294-295. Published online May 21, 2024
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· Plagiocephaly is characterized by the asymmetrical shape of a baby’s head.
· Since positional plagiocephaly is associated with developmental delay and further musculoskeletal problems, early detection allows for timely intervention and prevents worsening of the condition.
· Pediatricians can educate parents about proper head positioning and encourage supervised tummy time during awake hours. |
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- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Exploring the role of laryngeal masks in neonatal resuscitation
(1,411 times)
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Euiseok Jung
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(5):247-248. Published online December 28, 2023
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· Laryngeal masks (LMs) offer stable airway access and skill retention advantages, making them promising alternatives to positive-pressure ventilation in neonatal care.
· The ease of teaching LM insertion techniques to less experienced providers addresses the need for swift intervention and skill retention.
· Careful consideration of the benefits and challenges of LMs is essential in determining their effective integration into enhanced neonatal resuscitation protocols. |
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- Allergy
- Advancements in food allergen immunotherapy: improving quality of life and reducing risks
(1,405 times)
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Jihyun Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(12):672-674. Published online July 31, 2024
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· Pediatric food allergies considerably impair patient and family quality of life, particularly those with persistent allergies to common food allergens.
· Recent research has focused on developing diverse approaches to food allergen immunotherapy, showing promising outcomes of oral, sublingual, and epicutaneous immuno therapies.
· Critical considerations in immunotherapy candidate selection underscore the need for personalized approaches and reliable biomarkers in future studies to improve treatment outcomes. |
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- Genetics and Metabolism
- Biallelic POLR3A variants cause Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome with atypical brain involvement
(1,381 times)
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Byungseung Moon, Minhye Kim, Hye Jin Kim, Jae So Cho, Hey Joon Son, Byung Chan Lim, Ki Joong Kim, Jong Hee Chae, Soo Yeon Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(3):142-144. Published online December 30, 2022
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- Editorial
- Infection
- Preventing bloodstream infections in children after liver transplantation
(1,374 times)
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Young June Choe
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(11):599-600. Published online April 18, 2024
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Liver transplantation (LT) is crucial for children with end-stage liver diseases, yet bloodstream infections (BSI) pose significant risks, despite medical advancements. Immunosuppressants, essential for preventing organ rejection, heighten infection susceptibility. Understanding BSI organisms is vital due to antimicrobial resistance. Pediatric LT recipients have unique risk factors, demanding tailored preventive measures. This systematic review on bacterial BSI emphasizes the urgency of effective prevention strategies, considering the high incidence and distinct organism profile. Further research is vital for optimizing antibiotic management and improving outcomes for this vulnerable population. |
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- Impact and role of vitamins as immunonutrition in children during COVID-19 pandemic
(1,359 times)
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Yoo Min Lee
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(5):212-214. Published online April 18, 2023
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· Vitamins have effector mechanisms in the innate and adaptive immune systems and potential roles in preventing and reducing the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
· Vitamins may be immunonutrients in the treatment of COVID-19 infections and prevention of patient deterioration due to critical illness, thus demonstrating the significance of a nutritious, well-balanced diet. |
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- Endocrinology
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents
(1,347 times)
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Hae Sang Lee
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(2):90-91. Published online January 24, 2024
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· With the increase in childhood obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a concern in recent years.
· NAFLD is strongly associated with insulin resistance.
· Lifestyle modifications are the mainstay treatment for NAFLD.
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- Original Article
- Gastroenterology
- Somatic symptom severity during acute illnesses among children with functional gastrointestinal disorders
(1,343 times)
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Rattanachart Sirinil, Anundorn Wongteerasut
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(8):587-593. Published online March 11, 2025
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Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are associated with various somatic symptoms measured using a visual analogue scale and the Children’s Somatic Symptoms Inventory-24 questionnaire. Children with FGIDs exhibited more significant somatic symptoms than controls during acute illnesses. Gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI manifestations are significantly more common in children with FGIDs. |
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- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Protective effect of recombinant interleukin-10 on newborn rat lungs exposed to short-term sublethal hyperoxia
(1,336 times)
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Hyeon-Soo Lee, Young-Joon Ryu, Min-Jae Lee
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(10):540-549. Published online September 27, 2024
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Lung injury is generated from the early stage of hyperoxia through the biologic effects of cell death and inflammatory response, which eventually leads to evolution of bronchopul-monary dysplasia. Therefore, a protective measure against hyperoxia-induced lung injury is needed. The present study observed that anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10 had protective effects on newborn rat lungs from injury induced at the early stage of hyperoxia, by preventing cell death and down-regulating inflammatory response. |
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- Editorial
- Cardiology
- What we should know about pediatric heart failure: children are not small adults
(1,329 times)
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Ja-Kyoung Yoon
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(1):62-64. Published online November 6, 2024
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· Pediatric heart failure (PHF) features high morbidity and mortality rates.
· Although adults and children can share a common diagnosis of heart failure, the underlying causes can differ significantly and require distinct therapeutic approaches.
· Treatments designed for adults are often applied to PHF despite the fundamental physiological and developmental differences between them.
· Child-specific data are vital for the development of tailored treatments to meet the unique needs of patients with PHF. |
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- Gastroenterology
- Gut microbiota’s impact on obesity
(1,312 times)
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Sujin Jeong
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(7):294-295. Published online June 14, 2023
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· An imbalance of the gut microbiota with a relative increase in Firmicutes versus Bacteroidetes is associated with the pathogenesis of obesity.
· Dysbiosis is associated with microbial genes associated with short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production and increased colonic SCFA levels. SCFAs have also been shown to regulate appetite and satiety hormones, which can affect food intake and energy balance.
· A dietary high-fat intake is reportedly associated with increased plasma lipopolysaccharide. Altered Toll-like receptor-4 signaling leads to propagating the cascade of further inflammation and promoting insulin resistance. |
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- Pulmonology
- Community-acquired pneumonia in Korean children: time to read between the lines
(1,293 times)
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Dong In Suh
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(1):22-23. Published online November 10, 2022
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· Various studies have reported the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Korean children
· Factors other than etiology are equally important to a compre hensive understanding of CAP
· Knowledge from archived reports is no longer directly applicable to the current CAP and requires careful modification |
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- Other
- Beyond the eye: a multidisciplinary perspective on managing pediatric myopia
(1,293 times)
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Eoi Jong Seo
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(8):566-568. Published online July 18, 2025
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Myopia is a growing global public health concern because of its association with irreversible vision loss such as myopic traction maculopathy, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and glaucoma. The effective prevention of myopia in childhood requires a multidisciplinary approach that integrates ophthalmologic care with lifestyle, nutrition, and sleep interventions. Early detection through regular visual screening in schools and primary care settings and timely ophthalmology referrals are critical to preventing high myopia. |
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