- Editorial
- Endocrinology
- Clinical and diagnostic importance of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
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Eun Young Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(3):129-130. Published online January 14, 2022
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∙ Because childhood lipid concentrations continue into adulthood, early evaluation and treatment are needed, but dyslipidemia awareness is low.
∙ For the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia in childhood and adolescence, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in adulthood, lifestyle modifications, appropriate exercise, and drug treatment are required.
∙ A large-scale study of the prevalence and therapeutic effects of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents in Korea is needed. |
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- Guideline
- Endocrinology
- 2017 Clinical practice guidelines for dyslipidemia of Korean children and adolescents
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Jung Sub Lim, Eun Young Kim, Jae Hyun Kim, Jae-Ho Yoo, Kyung Hee Yi, Hyun Wook Chae, Jin-Ho Choi, Ji Young Kim, Il Tae Hwang; the Committee of Dyslipidemia of Korean Children and Adolescents on behalf of Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology (KSPE)
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2020;63(12):454-462. Published online November 25, 2020
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Question: How are children and adolescents with dyslipidemia treated and managed in Korea?
Finding: 2017 guidelines recommend to measure nonfasting non-HDL-C as a screening test and introduce new diet methods: Cardiovascular Health Integrated Lifestyle Diet (CHILD)-1, CHILD-2-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and CHILD-2-triglyceride. Statin is the only drug approved in children older than 10 years.
Meaning: New clinical practice guidelines for treating and managing dyslipidemia of Korean children and adolescents are provided. |
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- Review Article
- Long-term effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in girls with central precocious puberty
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Eun Young Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(1):1-7. Published online January 31, 2015
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) are widely used to treat central precocious puberty (CPP). The efficacy and safety of GnRHa treatment are known, but concerns regarding long-term complications are increasing. Follow-up observation results after GnRHa treatment cessation in female CPP patients up to adulthood showed that treatment (especially <6 years) was beneficial for final adult height relative to that of pretreated... |
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- Systemic use of fluoroquinolone in children
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Soo-Han Choi, Eun Young Kim, Yae-Jean Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(5):196-201. Published online May 28, 2013
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Fluoroquinolones are an important class of antibiotics that are widely used in adult patients because of their broad spectrum of activity, good tissue penetration, and oral bioavailability. However, fluoroquinolone use in children is limited because juvenile animals developed arthropathy in previous experiments on fluoroquinolone use. Indications for fluoroquinolone use in patients younger than 18 years, as stated by the U.S.... |
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- Case Report
- A case of de novo duplication of 15q24-q26.3
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Eun Young Kim, Yu Kyong Kim, Mi Kyoung Kim, Ji Mi Jung, Ga Won Jeon, Hye Ran Kim, Jong Beom Sin
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(6):267-271. Published online June 30, 2011
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Distal duplication, or trisomy 15q, is an extremely rare chromosomal disorder characterized by prenatal and postnatal overgrowth, mental retardation, and craniofacial malformations. Additional abnormalities typically include an unusually short neck, malformations of the fingers and toes, scoliosis and skeletal malformations, genital abnormalities, particularly in affected males, and, in some cases, cardiac defects. The range and severity of symptoms and physical... |
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- Original Article
- Clinical disease characteristics according to karyotype in Turner syndrome
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Chae Young Yeo, Chan Jong Kim, Young Jong Woo, Dae Yeol Lee, Min Sun Kim, Eun Young Kim, Jong Duck Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(2):158-162. Published online February 15, 2010
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Purpose : Turner syndrome (TS) is a disorder in which various anomalies can be accompanied, especially cardiovascular, renal, thyroid and auditory problems. The aim of this study is to identify the incidence of these disorders in patients with TS according to karyotype.
Methods : We reviewed medical records of 90 patients with TS diagnosed by chromosomal analysis in 4 hospitals... |
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- A study on the utilization of complementary and alternative medicine for elementary children
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Young Joon Ahn, Eun Young Kim, Kyung Rye Moon
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(10):1103-1108. Published online October 15, 2009
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Purpose : Recently, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been increasingly used in children. Studies have shown that 34% of adults and 11% of children use CAM in the USA and Canada. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and patterns of CAM use in elementary children in Korea.
Methods : From July to August 2007, parents... |
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- Case Report
- A case of megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts
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Eun Young Park, Young Ok Kim, Ji Youn Kim, Chae Young Yeo, Hee Jo Baek, Chan Jong Kim, Eun Young Kim, Young Jong Woo
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(12):1342-1345. Published online December 15, 2008
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Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is a rare white matter disorder, first described in the early 1990s. The brain in patients with MLC appears swollen on MRI, with diffuse white matter abnormalities; in addition, there is an invariable presence of subcortical cysts, primarily in the anterior temporal region sparing the deep white matter, basal ganglia, thalami, and cerebellum. Patients... |
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- Original Article
- Valproate-associated weight gain and potential predictors in children with epilepsy
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Gook Chan Jang, Eun Young Kim, Young Il Rho, Kyung Rye Moon, Sang Kee Park
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(5):484-488. Published online May 15, 2007
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Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and potential predictors of weight gain in older children and teens treated with valproate (VPA) for epilepsy.
Methods : Sixty-five subjects aged 8 to 17 years of age, who began VPA treatment between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2004, and who had documented weight and height measurements... |
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- Review Article
- Glucose metabolism and evaluation of hypoglycemia in neonates
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Eun Young Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(3):223-229. Published online March 15, 2007
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The fetus is completely dependent on mother for glucose and other nutrient transfer across the placenta. At birth, when the maternal supply is discontinued, the neonate must adjust to an independent existence. The changes in the neonate's glucose homeostasis during this transition to the extrauterine environment are influenced by the mother's metabolism and intrinsic fetal and placental problems. Maturation of... |
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- Original Article
- The ages and stages questionnaire: screening for developmental delay in the setting of a pediatric outpatient clinic
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Eun Young Kim, In Kyung Sung
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(11):1061-1066. Published online November 15, 2007
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Purpose : Early identification of developmental disabilities allows intervention at the earliest possible point to improve the developmental potential. The Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), a parent- completed questionnaire, can be used as a substitute for formal screening tests. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of the Korean version of the ASQ (K-ASQ) as a screening... |
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- Pain reduction at venipuncture in newborn infants : oral glucose solution, EMLA cream and pacifiers
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Sang Kee Park, Eun Young Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(4):388-393. Published online April 15, 2006
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Purpose : We compared the pain reducing effect of orally administered glucose solution with EMLA cream and pacifiers during venipuncture in newborn infants.
Methods : Fifty newborn infants(30 prematures) were enrolled in this study. We performed these four pain-reducing methods to all infants in serial order. Group A(control) did not receive any treatment; to group B, EMLA cream was applied on... |
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- Perinatal Factors Affecting Thyroid Stimulating Hormone(TSH) and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Cord Blood
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Eun Young Kim, Sang Kee Park, Chang Hun Song, Sung-Chul Lim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(2):143-147. Published online February 15, 2005
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Purpose : The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effect of various perinatal conditions on TSH and thyroid hormone levels in cord blood.
Methods : Cord blood samples were collected from 130 neonates immediately after birth. TSH, T3, and free T4 levels were measured by the radioimmunoassay(RIA) method. The effects of gestational age, sex, birth weight, delivery method,... |
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- Case Report
- A Case of Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Arising from the Supratentorial Area
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Kyeong Hun Jung, Young Se Kwon, Yong Hun Jun, Soon Ki Kim, Young Jin Hong, Byong Kwan Son, Eun Young Kim, In Suh Park
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(2):228-231. Published online February 15, 2005
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Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor may arise at any central nervous system location, but it is most commonly located in the cerebellum(60 percent). The incidence of this tumor remains unclear but it occurs most commonly in children less than 2 years of age. This highly malignant tumor shows a rapid progression and nonspecific radiologic findings. We report a case of primary intracranial... |
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- Original Article
- Lorenzo's Oil Treatment in X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
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Hyo Jung Kim, Eun Young Kim, Young Jong Woo, Hoon Kook
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(11):1232-1238. Published online November 15, 2005
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Purpose: Though more than 15 years have passed after introduction of Lorenzo's oil therapy in X- linked adrenoleukodystrophy(ALD), its efficacy is still fully not known. In patients who already have neurologic symptoms, most reports indicate that the neurologic disability continues to increase. We evaluated its efficacy in X-linked ALD patients.
Methods: Four patients who were treated with Lorenzo's oil for at... |
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- The Relationship between the Perception of Height and Self-Esteem in Children
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Mi Jin Kim, Young Il Rho, Eun Seok Yang, Kyung Rye Moon, Sang Kee Park, Yeong Bong Park, Eun Young Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(3):258-263. Published online March 15, 2004
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Purpose : The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavioral and affective characteristics of children who thought they were short.
Methods : Fifteen hundred and twenty-two students of four elementary and middle schools in Gwangju City completed a battery of questionnaires asking about stature-related stress, self-esteem, and personality characteristics. The children were divided into three groups and compared according... |
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- Predictors of Clinically Non Specific Bacterial Infection in Febrile Children Less than 3 Years of Age : WBC, ESR and CRP
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Jeong A Nho, Young Il Rho, Eun Seuk Yang, Eun Young Kim, Yeong Bong Park, Kyung Rye Moon
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(8):758-762. Published online August 15, 2003
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Purpose : Our examination was designed to determine the diagnostic properties of the cutoff point for the prediction of bacteremia in febrile children less than 3 years of age. Cutoff point is the value that simultaneously maximizes both sensitivity and specificity.
Methods : We conducted a retrospective study of febrile children, less than 3 years of age, who clinically have no... |
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- Case Report
- Thrombolytic Therapy and Long Term Follow-up Study in a Child with Kawasaki Disease Complicated by Giant Coronary Aneurysm with Thrombosis
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Su Jung Moon, Su Ya Lee, Kyong Hee Na, Sun Young Park, Eun Young Kim, Kyoung Sim Kim, Yong Wook Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(3):302-307. Published online March 15, 2003
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The long-term clinical issues in Kawasaki disease are concerned with the coronary artery lesions that result in aneurysmal formation, thrombotic occlusion, progression to ischemic heart disease, and premature atherosclerosis. We here report a 3 month old infant with Kawasaki disease complicated by giant coronary aneurysm with thrombosis. After urokinase(10,000 IU/kg) and heparin(400 IU/kg) were injected for two days as thrombolytic... |
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- A Case of Congenital Chloride Diarrhea in Premature Infant
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Sung Kwan Yoon, Eun Young Kim, Kyung Rye Moon, Sang Kee Park
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(3):308-311. Published online March 15, 2003
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Congenital chloride diarrhea is a serious autosomal recessive disease, and defect of intestinal electrolyte absorption that involves, specifically, Cl－/HCO3－ exchange in the distal part of the ileum and colon. The clinical feature is dominated by profuse, watery diarrhea containing high concentrations of chloride(>90 mmol/L) and sodium. The chloride loss results in severe dehydration with a hypochloremic alkalosis. The molecular pathology... |
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- Original Article
- Analysis of Affecting Factors for Cortisol Level in Cord Blood
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Hyun Jung Lim, Chang Hun Song, Eun Young Kim, Sang Kee Park
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(2):183-187. Published online February 15, 2003
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Purpose : Long-term stress to the fetus causes alterations in adrenal steroidogenesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of cord blood cortisol with stress during delivery.
Methods : Cord blood samples were collected from 58 neonates at once to labor. Cortisol was measured by RIA method(DPC, USA). Cortisol level according to gestational age(<34, 34-37, >38 wks)... |
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- Relationship between Admission and Clinical Features of Children
Who Visited the Emergency Department with Seizures
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Sung Kwan Yoon, Eun Young Kim, Eun Seok Yang, Kyung Rye Moon, Sang Kee Park, Young Bong Park, Young Il Rho, Soo Hyeong Cho
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(10):1003-1007. Published online October 15, 2003
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Purpose : To review the seizure-related complaints and analyze the relationship between admission rates and clinical features in children who had visited the emergency department with seizures.
Methods : Retrospectively, we reviewed 180 patients(male 100, female 80) suffering from seizures, who had visited to the emergency department of Chosun University Hospital from January 2000 to June 2002. We have analyzed the... |
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- Case Report
- A Case of Craniofrontonasal Dysplasia Diagnosed at Birth
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Jeong A Rho, Young Il Rho, Kyung Rye Moon, Young Bong Park, Sang Kee Park, Eun Young Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(10):1044-1046. Published online October 15, 2003
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Craniofrontonasal dysplasia(CFND), a rare congenital syndrome, is characterized by varying degrees of frontonasal dysplasia, craniosynostosis, and variable extracranial abnormalities. It was first reported by Cohen in 1979. The inheritance pattern is not straightforward. Although all modes of Mendelian inheritance have been suggested, the most plausible explanation is that this is an X-linked condition with the unusual situation of complete expression... |
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- A Case of Perinatal Varicella Infection
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Jeong A Rho, Young Il Rho, Eun Young Kim, Sang Kee Park
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(10):1047-1050. Published online October 15, 2003
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Maternal varicella resulting in viremia may transmit the virus to the fetus by either transplacental spread, or by ascending infection from lesion in the birth canal. The characteristic symptoms consist of skin lesions in dermatomal distribution, eye diseases, neurological defects, and limb hypoplasia. Varicella of the newborn is a life-threatening illness that may occur when a newborn is delivered either... |
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- Original Article
- Assessment of Chromosomal Analyses of 1,180 Cases
Suspected of Chromosomal Aberrations
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Hyeon Kyoung Jeong, Eun Young Ahn, Sung Soo Rim, Eun Young Kim, Kyoung Sim Kim, Yong Wook Kim, Ki Bok Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(3):311-319. Published online March 15, 2002
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Purpose : We have performed this study to obtain reference data for the distribution of chromosomal aberrations in Korea.
Methods : We analyzed 1,180 chromosomal study cases from Kwang ju Christian Hospital during the past 25 years. 756 cases suspected of characteristic chromosomal aberration syndromes and 424 cases with hermaphroditism, mild sexual abnormalities, multiple anomalies, or mental & growth retardation... |
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- Case Report
- A Case of Fetal Hepatic Calcificaion with a Good Prognosis
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Kyong Hee Na, Hyun Jung Lee, Sung Soo Kim, Eun Young Kim, Kyoung Sim Kim, Yong Wook Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(3):395-400. Published online March 15, 2002
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Recently, the increasing use of antenatal high resolutional ultrasonographic studies, and the increasing expertise of sonographers have contributed to the more frequent prenatal detecton of fetal hepatic calcification. Fetal hepatic calcification can arise from peritoneal, ischemic, infectious, neoplastic, and idiopathic causes. There are many reports that the prognosis is good in isolated fetal hepatic calcification without chromosomal aberrations, associated congenital... |
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- Original Article
- A Study on the Status of Utilization and Criteria for Selection
of Medical Care Facilities of Elementary School Children
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Seung Pyo Han, Eun Young Kim, Young Il Rho, Eun Seok Yang, Sang Kee Park, Yeong Bong Park, Kyung Rye Moon
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(2):166-173. Published online February 15, 2002
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Purpose : The aim of this study is to find out the distribution of illness, patterns of medical care utilization and factors determining medical care utilization in elementary school children.
Methods : We performed the questionnaires in Gwangju city on 2,036 children of two elementary schools from June 1 to June 30, 1998.
Results : The prevalence rate of illness was 32.3%.... |
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- Prevalence and Associated Factors of
Snoring in School-Aged Children
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Sung Jong Cho, Eun Young Kim, Young Il Rho, Eun Suk Yang, Young Bong Park, Kyung-Rye Moon, Chul-Gab Lee
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(11):1340-1345. Published online November 15, 2002
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Purpose : We studied the prevalence of snoring and its association with diseases, obesity and environmental factors, as well as sleep disturbance arising from snoring, in school-aged children.
Methods : The survey was performed by a special questionnaire on 1,707 children at elementary schools from 1 to 30 July 2001 in Gwangju City. The prevalence of snoring, associated factors, and sleep... |
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- Recurrence Rate of Febrile Seizures by Combining Risk Factors
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Su Jung Moon, Gu Ken Sun, Eun Young Kim, Kyong Hee Na, Sun Young Park, Kyoung Sim Kim, Yong Wook Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(11):1403-1410. Published online November 15, 2002
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Purpose : In previous studies, various risk factors for recurrent febrile seizures have been identified. But none of these risk factors alone could sufficiently discriminate children at high or low risk for recurrent seizures. Therefore, we tried to identify patients at high risk of recurrent febrile seizures by combining risk factors.
Methods : Two hundred and four children who had... |
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- Case Report
- A Case of Fetal Valproate Syndrome Associated with Both Elbow Joint Contractures
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Yun Chang Choi, Eun Young Kim, Kynug Rye Moon, Young Il Rho
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(10):1288-1292. Published online October 15, 2002
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Fetal valproate syndrome has been described as a distinctive pattern of minor anomalies of the
face and digits. This pattern has not been delineated completely but appears to involve brachycephaly
with a high forehead, shallow orbit, ocular hypertelorism, small nose, small mouth, low
set posteriorly rotated ears, long overlapping fingers and toes, and hyperconvex fingernail. Cleft
palate and congenital heart disease have occasionally been... |
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- Original Article
- The Relationship Between Obesity and Depressive Trends in Elementary School Children
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Seon Mi Park, Eun Young Kim, Young Il Rho, Sang Kee Park, Yeong Bong Park, Kyung Rye Moon, Kyung Sik Pyo
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(1):10-15. Published online January 15, 2002
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Purpose : This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between obesity and depressive trends in elementary school children.
Methods : In 1999, we surveyed 2,091 elementary school children(1,079 boys and 1,012 girls) whose ages ranged from 10 to 12 years. Obesity was defined as an obesity index over 20 percent. The degree of depression was compared between the obese group... |
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- Relationship between Brain MRI and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Term Infants with Severe Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
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Sun Young Park, Kyoung Sim Kim, Sung Soo Rim, Byung Soon Kang, Eun Young Kim, Yong Wook Kim, Se Jong Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(2):139-148. Published online February 15, 2001
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Purpose : We analyzed the relationship between MRI patterns and neurologic outcome and explored the effectiveness of MRI as a tool for predicting the outcome.
Methods : We analyzed 23 full term infants with severe HIE retrospectively who were admitted to our NICU from Sep. 1993 to May 1998. Their MRI findings were classified into 4 patterns : type I :... |
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- Six Year Follow-up of Childhood Obesity
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Eun Young Kim, Young Il Rho, Eun Seok Yang, Sang Kee Park, Yeung Bong Park, Kyung Rye Moon, Chul Gab Lee
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(11):1295-1300. Published online November 15, 2001
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Purpose : To examine the prevalence of obesity in elementary school-aged children in Gwangju, and long term courses of those obese children.
Methods : We examined children aged 7 to 12 in the total number of 3,028 elementary school students consisting of 1,579 boys and 1,449 girls between 1994 and 1999. Obesity was defined as weight that exceeded the standard weight... |
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- Change of Cerebrospinal Fluid Ferritin in Children with Meningitis
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Mee Hee Youm, Eun Young Kim, Young Jong Woo, Hyun Ju Park, Chan Jong Kim
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(8):1068-1073. Published online August 15, 2000
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Purpose : Despite the advent of new and more potent antibiotics, mortality and morbidity rates due to bacterial meningitis remain stagnant. Rapid detection of microorganism and early antibiotics treatment are the most important prognostic factors of bacterial meningitis. For early diagnosis of bacterial meningitis biochemical markers such as lactic dehydrogenase, lactic acid, C-reactive proteia have been measured in cerebrospinal fluid.... |
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- Case Report
- Four Cases of Congenital Depressed Skull Fractures in Neonates
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Byung Soon Kang, Eun Young Kim, Chang Weon Oh, Kyoung Sim Kim, Yong Wook Kim, Min Suk Oh
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(4):567-572. Published online April 15, 2000
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Depressed skull fractures in newborn babies mainly result from birth injury and rarely occurr in intrauterine life without any definable etiology. We present 4 cases of congenital intrauterine depressed skull fractures which were discovered at birth in neonates. Three babies(case 1, 2, 3) had round shallow depressions without adjacent soft tissue injury except the last one(case 4), showing sharp angulation... |
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- A Case of Congenital Epulis of the Newborn
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Dong Gon Lee, Eun Young Kim, Sang Kee Park, eong Ryoul Yang, Dong Chool Kim, Jae Hong Seo
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1621-1625. Published online December 15, 2000
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Congenital epulis of the newborn refers to a very rare gingival tumor that occurs along the anterior alveolar ridge in newborn infants. We report a neonate with 3¡¿2¡¿1.5cm mass protruding from the mouth. This was a pinky, red solid pedunculated mass, attached to the maxillar left canine region of the alveolus at birth. The tumor's large size partially obliterated the... |
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- A Case of Catel Manzke Syndrome
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Sang Hyun Oh, Eun Young Kim, Young Bong Park, Sang Kee Park, Jeong Ryoul Yang
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1154-1158. Published online August 15, 1999
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Catel Manzke syndrome is characterized by hyperphalangy of the index fingers associated with Robin malformation sequence. The etiology of Catel Manzke syndrome is still uncertain, with the majority of cases being sporadic. Careful observation to recognize upper airway obstruction secondary to the Robin sequence should be made a part of routine care for newborns with this disorder. Failure to thrive... |
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- Case Report
- A Case of Pseudohypoparathyroidism TypeⅡ 1
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Eun Young Kim, Dae Kjun Kim, Hong Jun Lee, Eun Kyung Jung, Young Bong Park
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(9):1326-1330. Published online September 15, 1996
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Pseudohypoparathyroidism is characterized by target cell resistance to the effects of
parathyroid hormone and classified into various types depending on the phenotypic and
biochemical findings. Pseudohypoparathyroidism type II differs from type I in that the urinary
excretion of cAMP is elevated both in the basal state and after stimulation with PTH.
We experienced a case of pseudohypoparathyroidism type II in 12year old man who... |
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- Original Article
- Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Tumer' Syndrome according to Karyotypic Differences
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Eun Young Kim, Kyoung Sim Kim, Kibok Kim, Won Jin Kee
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Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(11):1460-1469. Published online November 15, 1995
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Purpose : To assess the differences of clinical features according to various karyotypes in Turner syndrome.
Methods : Subjected to study were 45 patients with Turner syndrome, including 5 newborns, from March 1974 to April 1994. They were divided into 3 groups according to karyotypes: 45,X, mosaicism, and structural aberration; and the clinical features were compared. Also structural aberration groups, 46,XXp-and... |
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