- Editorial
- Nephrology (Genitourinary)
- Genetic diagnosis of Alport syndrome
- Hae Il Cheong
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(5):164-165. Published online January 3, 2019
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- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Association of vitamin D status at birth and respiratory outcomes in preterm infants
- Sook-Hyun Park
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(5):162-163. Published online April 8, 2019
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- Review Article
- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Surfactant preparations for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: past, present, and future
- Ga Won Jeon
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(5):155-161. Published online February 8, 2019
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Following the first successful trial of surfactant replacement therapy for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) by Fujiwara in 1980, several animal-derived natural surfactants and synthetic surfactants have been developed. Synthetic surfactants were designed to overcome limitations of natural surfactants such as cost, immune reactions, and infections elicited by animal proteins contained in natural surfactants. However, first-generation synthetic surfactants...
- Nutrition
- A perspective on partially hydrolyzed protein infant formula in nonexclusively breastfed infants
- Yvan Vandenplas, Zakiudin Munasir, Badriul Hegar, Dewi Kumarawati, Ahmad Suryawan, Muzal Kadim, Julistio Tb Djais, Ray Wagiu Basrowi, Deni Krisnamurti
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(5):149-154. Published online January 14, 2019
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The World Health Organization recommends that infants should be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life to provide optimal nutrition in this critical period of life. After this, infants should receive nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods while breastfeeding continues for up to 2 years of age or beyond. For nonbreastfed infants, infant formula is an available option...
- Case Report
- Reninoma: a rare cause of curable hypertension
- Ji Hye Kim, Ji Hyun Kim, Myung Hyun Cho, Eujin Park, Hye Sun Hyun, Yo Han Ahn, Hee Gyung Kang, Kyung Chul Moon, Il-Soo Ha, Hae Il Cheong
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(4):144-147. Published online October 29, 2018
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The most common type of refractory hypertension found in children is secondary hypertension, which is a potentially curable disease. Reninoma, a renin-secreting juxtaglomerular cell tumor, is a rare cause of severe hypertension that is usually diagnosed in adolescents and young adults. Surgical resection of the tumor completely cures the hypertension of patients with reninoma. The typical clinical presentation of reninoma...
- Original Article
- Risk factors for the occurrence and persistence of coronary aneurysms in Kawasaki disease
- Soo-kyeong Jeon, Geena Kim, Hoon Ko, Joung-Hee Byun, Hyoung Doo Lee
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(4):138-143. Published online November 22, 2018
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Purpose: Prognostic factors of coronary aneurysms in Kawasaki disease have been investigated in many studies. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with early and late coronary artery outcomes in treated patients with Kawasaki disease. Methods: A total of 392 patients diagnosed with Kawasaki disease from January 2012 to December 2015 in Pusan National University Children’s Hospital...
- Respiratory syncytial virus-associated seizures in Korean children, 2011–2016
- Teahyen Cha, Young Jin Choi, Jae-Won Oh, Chang-Ryul Kim, Dong Woo Park, In Joon Seol, Jin-Hwa Moon
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(4):131-137. Published online October 23, 2018
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Purpose: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection can cause various neurological complications. This study aimed to investigate the RSV-associated neurologic manifestations that present with seizures. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients aged less than 15 years with laboratory-confirmed RSV infections and seizures between January 2011 and December 2016 in a regional hospital in South Korea. Results: During this period, 1,193...
- The association between preeclampsia and autism spectrum disorders among children: a meta-analysis
- Ensiyeh Jenabi, Manoochehr Karami, Salman Khazaei, Saeid Bashirian
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(4):126-130. Published online December 24, 2018
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Purpose: In this meta-analysis, relevant case-control and cohort studies were pooled to evaluate the association between preeclampsia and the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in children. Methods: A search for relevant studies in major databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, was performed up to May 2018. The odds ratios (ORs) or rate ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals...
- Editorial
- Predictive risk factors of coronary artery aneurysms in Kawasaki disease
- Hyang-Ok Woo
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(4):124-125. Published online February 19, 2019
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- Review Article
- Predictors and management of intravenous immunoglobulin-resistant Kawasaki disease
- Min Seob Song
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(4):119-123. Published online March 15, 2019
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Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis that mainly affects younger children. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistant cases are at increasing risk for coronary artery complications. The strategy on prediction of potential nonresponders and treatment of IVIG-resistant patients is now controversial. In this review the definition and predictors of IVIG-resistant KD and current evidence to guide management are discussed.
- Trends in the use of antibiotics among Korean children
- Young June Choe, Ju-Young Shin
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(4):113-118. Published online March 4, 2019
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Inappropriate antibiotic use is the most important factor causing increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics, thus affecting patient outcomes. Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a serious public health threat, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Korea, the burden of antibioticresistant bacteria has become an important public health issue. There is increasing evidence of overuse and misuse of antibiotics in Korea, as...
- Case Report
- Neurology
- A long-term subacute sclerosing panencephalitis survivor treated with intraventricular interferon-alpha for 13 years
- Minsun Kwak, Hye-Ryun Yeh, Mi-Sun Yum, Hyun-Jin Kim, Su Jeong You, Tae-Sung Ko
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(3):108-112. Published online September 18, 2018
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Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, progressive, and fatal central nervous system disorder resulting from persistent measles virus infection. Long-term data are scarce, with a maximum follow-up period of 10 years. Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) is a protein that exerts its antiviral activity via enhancement of cellular immune response and is reported to be an effective drug for the treatment of...
- Original Article
- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Iron status in small for gestational age and appropriate for gestational age infants at birth
- Hyeon A Kim, Sook-Hyun Park, Eun Joo Lee
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(3):102-107. Published online October 24, 2018
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Purpose: This study compared the iron statuses of small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants at birth. Methods: The clinical data of 904 newborn infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit were reviewed. Blood samples were drawn from the infants within 24 hours after birth. Serum ferritin level was used as a marker of total...
- Cardiology
- Changes of Bax, Bcl-2, CCR-2, MCP-1, and TGF-β1 genes in the left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rat after losartan treatment
- Hyeryon Lee, Kwan Chang Kim, Young Mi Hong
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(3):95-101. Published online October 24, 2018
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Purpose: Increased apoptosis was recently found in the hypertrophied left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Although the available evidence suggests that apoptosis can be induced in cardiac cells by various insults including pressure overload, cardiac apoptosis appears to result from an exaggerated local production of angiotensin in adult SHRs. Altered expressions of Bcl associated X (Bax), Bcl-2, chemokine receptor...
- Other
- Rapidly growing pediatric trampoline-related injuries in Korea: a 10-year single center retrospective study
- Min Jeng Cho, Jihoon Kim, Sung Jeep Kim, Kyu Hyouck Kyoung, Min Ae Keum, Sung Kyun Park
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(3):90-94. Published online March 11, 2019
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Purpose: Several published policy statements have warned against the risks associated with trampoline use and recommended safety guidelines. However, few studies have focused on trampoline-related injuries in Korea. This study aimed to assess the incidence and characteristics of pediatric trampoline-related injuries presented to Ulsan University Hospital. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children aged <16 years with trampoline-related injuries...
- Nephrology (Genitourinary)
- Changes in the thyroid hormone profiles in children with nephrotic syndrome
- Sun Hee Jung, Jeong Eun Lee, Woo Yeong Chung
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(3):85-89. Published online October 4, 2018
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Purpose: We compared thyroid hormone profiles in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) during the nephrotic phase and after remission. Methods: This study included 31 pediatric NS patients. The thyroid hormone profiles included serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and free T4. Results: Of the 31 patients, 16 (51.6%) showed abnormal thyroid hormone profiles: 6 had overt hypothyroidism, 8...
- Review Article
- Infection
- Central line-associated bloodstream infections in neonates
- Hye Jung Cho, Hye-Kyung Cho
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(3):79-84. Published online December 19, 2018
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Newborn infants, including premature infants, are high-risk patients susceptible to various microorganisms. Catheter-related bloodstream infections are the most common type of nosocomial infections in this population. Regular education and training of medical staffs are most important as a preventive strategy for central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). Bundle approaches and the use of checklists during the insertion and maintenance of central...
- Case Report
- Allergy
- Drug eruption by antihistamine mistaken for chronic urticaria in a child
- Gun Moo Lee, Shou-Yu Chu, Sung Yeon Kang, Hyo-Bin Kim, Jin-Sung Park, Ja Kyoung Kim
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(2):75-78. Published online October 30, 2018
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Although rare, antihistamines can cause adverse effects, including drug-induced eruptions or anaphylaxis. A 4-year-old child visited the pediatric department of a hospital for skin eruptions after administration of antihistamines, (e.g., ucerax [hydroxyzine] or leptizine [levocetirizine]), for cholinergic rashes; he did not have pruritus. Skin prick, intradermal, and drug provocation tests were performed to determine the relationship between the antihistamines and...
- Original Article
- Hematology and Oncology
- Lymphocyte-monocyte ratio at day 14 of first cisplatin-doxorubicin chemotherapy is associated with treatment outcome of pediatric patients with localized osteosarcoma
- Jun Ah Lee, Hea Lin Oh, Dong Ho Kim, Jung Sub Lim
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(2):62-67. Published online October 1, 2018
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Purpose: We aimed to determine the prognostic significance of lymphocyte counts and the lymphocytemonocyte ratio (LMR) in pediatric patients with osteosarcoma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 27 pediatric patients with localized extremity osteosarcoma, treated at the Korea Cancer Center Hospital between May 2002 and March 2016. Leukocyte counts and LMR before treatment and on day 14 (LMR14) of...
- Neurology
- Genotype-phenotype correlations in pediatric patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1
- Hyeong Jung Kim, Ji-Hoon Na, Young-Mock Lee
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(2):55-61. Published online September 23, 2018
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Purpose: Myotonic dystrophy, also known as dystrophia myotonica (DM), is an autosomal dominant disorder with 2 genetically distinct forms. DM type 1 (DM1) is the more common form and is caused by abnormal expansion of cytosine/thymine/guanine (CTG) repeats in the DM protein kinase (DMPK ) gene. Our study aimed to determine whether the age of onset is correlated with CTG...
- Adolescence Medicine
- Serum alanine aminotransferase levels are closely associated with metabolic disturbances in apparently healthy young adolescents independent of obesity
- Ki Eun Kim, Kyung Suk Baek, Sol Han, Jung Hyun Kim, Youn Ho Shin
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(2):48-54. Published online November 23, 2018
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Purpose: Liver metabolism plays a pivotal role in the development of metabolic disorders. We aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory risk factors associated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in young adolescents from an urban population in Korea. Methods: A population of 120 apparently healthy adolescents aged 12–13 years was included in the cross-sectional design study; 58 were overweight or obese...
- Review Article
- Nephrology (Genitourinary)
- Renal replacement therapy in neonates with an inborn error of metabolism
- Heeyeon Cho
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(2):43-47. Published online November 7, 2018
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Hyperammonemia can be caused by several genetic inborn errors of metabolism including urea cycle defects, organic acidemias, fatty acid oxidation defects, and certain disorders of amino acid metabolism. High levels of ammonia are extremely neurotoxic, leading to astrocyte swelling, brain edema, coma, severe disability, and even death. Thus, emergency treatment for hyperammonemia must be initiated before a precise diagnosis is...
- Original Article
- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Dorsal midline cutaneous stigmata associated with occult spinal dysraphism in pediatric patients
- Hyun Jung Sung, Hyun-Seung Lee
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(2):68-74. Published online October 1, 2018
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Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of occult spinal dysraphism (OSD) and subsequent neurosurgery in pediatric patients with isolated or combined dorsal midline cutaneous stigmata with or without other congenital malformations. Methods: We carried out a retrospective review of patients who underwent sonography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for OSD because of suspicion of dorsal midline cutaneous stigmata (presumed to be a...
- Clinical features and prognostic factors of early-onset sepsis: a 7.5-year experience in one neonatal intensive care unit
- Se Jin Kim, Ga Eun Kim, Jae Hyun Park, Sang Lak Lee, Chun Soo Kim
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(1):36-41. Published online September 27, 2018
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Purpose: In this study, we investigated the clinical features and prognostic factors of early-onset sepsis (EOS) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records from January 2010 to June 2017 (7.5 years) of a university hospital NICU. Results: There were 45 cases of EOS (1.2%) in 3,862 infants. The most common pathogen responsible for...
- Gastroenterology
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese and nonobese pediatric patients
- Eun Jeong Kim, Hyun Jin Kim
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(1):30-35. Published online September 17, 2018
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Purpose: Obesity is risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, nonobese patients are also increasingly susceptible to NAFLD. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of obese and nonobese pediatric patients with NAFLD. Methods: We retrospectively studied 68 patients who were diagnosed with NAFLD between January 2010 and October 2016 at 10–18 years of age....
- Review Article
- Allergy
- Particulate matter and childhood allergic diseases
- Song-I Yang
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(1):22-29. Published online November 7, 2018
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Particulate matter (PM) is a ubiquitous air pollutant that is a growing public health concern. Previous studies have suggested that PM is associated with asthma development and exacerbation of asthma symptoms. Although several studies have suggested increased risks of atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and allergic sensitization in relation to PM exposure, the evidence remains inconsistent. The plausible mechanisms underlying these...
- Guideline
- Nutrition
- Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric obesity: recommendations from the Committee on Pediatric Obesity of the Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition
- Dae Yong Yi, Soon Chul Kim, Ji Hyuk Lee, Eun Hye Lee, Jae Young Kim, Yong Joo Kim, Ki Soo Kang, Jeana Hong, Jung Ok Shim, Yoon Lee, Ben Kang, Yeoun Joo Lee, Mi Jin Kim, Jin Soo Moon, Hong Koh, JeongAe You, Young-Sook Kwak, Hyunjung Lim, Hye Ran Yang
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(1):3-21. Published online December 27, 2018
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The Committee on Pediatric Obesity of the Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition newly developed the first Korean Guideline on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Obesity in Children and Adolescents to deliver an evidence-based systematic approach to childhood obesity in South Korea. The following areas were systematically reviewed, especially on the basis of all available references published in...
- Editorial
- Nutrition
- What should we do to prevent and manage obesity in children and adolescents?
- Hye Ran Yang
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(1):1-2. Published online January 11, 2019
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- Case Report
- Genetics and Metabolism
- The first Korean case with Floating-Harbor syndrome with a novel SRCAP mutation diagnosed by targeted exome sequencing
- Eun Mi Choi, Dong Hyun Lee, Seok Jin Kang, Ye Jee Shim, Heung Sik Kim, Jun Sik Kim, Jong In Jeong, Jung-Sook Ha, Ja-Hyun Jang
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2018;61(12):403-406. Published online September 16, 2018
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Floating-Harbor syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder associated with SRCAP mutation. To date, approximately 50 cases of Floating-Harbor syndrome have been reported, but none have been reported in Korea yet. Floating-Harbor syndrome is characterized by delayed bony maturation, unique facial features, and language impairment. Here, we present a 6-year-old boy with a triangular face, deep-set protruding eyes, low-set...
- Original Article
- Cardiology
- Outcomes of transcatheter closure of ductus arteriosus in infants less than 6 months of age: a single-center experience
- Gwang-Jun Choi, Jinyoung Song, Yi-Seul Kim, Heirim Lee, June Huh, I-Seok Kang
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2018;61(12):397-402. Published online September 19, 2018
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Purpose: Transcatheter device closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is challenging in early infancy. We evaluated PDA closure in infants less than 6 months old. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of infants less than 6 months of age who underwent attempted transcatheter device closure in our institution since 2004. To compare clinical outcomes between age groups, infants aged 6–12 months...
