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A Study of Factors Affecting Time of First Stool in Premature Infants
Hyeong Doo Cho, Je Woo Kim, Young Ah Lee, Hae Sun Yoon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(12):1645-1650.   Published online December 15, 1999
Purpose : To assess the effect of gestational age and illness severity, and the effect of antenatal exposure to magnesium sulfate, glucocorticoids, and antibiotics, on the timing of the first stool in preterm infants. Methods : Medical records of all preterm infants admitted to the neonatal ward at Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital between March 1998 and August 1998 were reviewed. We...
Re-Evaluation of Neonatal Screening Tests for Inborn Errors of Metabolism with Dried Filter Paper Blood Spots
Kye Shik Shim, Jin Soon Hwang, Jung Sub Lim, Se Young Kim, Choong Ho Shin, Sei Won Yang, Jung Hwan Choi, Chong Ku Yun, Jung-Han Song
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(12):1639-1644.   Published online December 15, 1999
Purpose : There have been high rates of false positive and recall in neonatal screening test using the cut-off points set by the manufacturing company. So, it is necessary to re-evaluate the cut off values to minimize the false positive rates. Methods : We collected capillary blood in dry filter paper from 996 healthy neonates on the third day in cases...
Hemostatic Changes and Effect of Antithrombin Ⅲ Replacement Therapy in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Jeong Ah Choi, Young Tak Lim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1567-1573.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : We evaluated plasma coagulation parameters sequentially and the influence of antithrombin Ⅲ adjuvant treatment in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Methods : Twenty-nine cases with acute lymhoblastic leukemia who had been treated with L-asparaginase at Pusan National University Hospital were enrolled in this study. The coagulation parameters were checked before and on every week of L-asparaginase administration. The...
Side Effects of Antiepileptic Drug in Children
Ick-Jin Song, Sang-Ook Nam
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1559-1566.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : The purpose of this study is to estimate the side effects of antiepileptic drug(AED) in children. Methods : Subjects were 267 children who had received AED for at least 1 month during January 1995 to July 1998. We reviewed their sex, age at start of seizure onset, age at medication, class and number of AED, developmental delay, type and...
Therapeutic Effect of Nimodipine in Neonatal Rat Model of Cerebral Hypoxia-Ischemia
Ihn-Hee Hong, Heng-Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1552-1558.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : Recent studies suggest that nimodipine, a potent calcium-channel blocker, may improve neurological outcome after experimental hypoxia-ischemic brain injury. This study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effect of nimodipine on hypoxia-ischemia in immature rat brain. Methods : Seven-day postnatal rats were subjected to hypoxia-ischemia by unilateral common carotid artery occlusion combined with 2 hours of hypoxia(in 8% oxygen...
Effects of Hyperthermia on Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression after Cerebral Ischemia in Gerbils
Doo Kwun Kim, Duk Joon Suh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1542-1551.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : This study was aimed to elucidate the effect of hyperthermia on neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS) expression in both cerebral hemispheres after left common carotid artery occlusion in gerbils. Methods : Using Mongolian gerbils, cerebral ischemia was produced by occluding carotid artery for 1-4 hours. Rectal temperature was maintained at 36℃ for normothermia and 40℃ for hyperthermia by heating pad....
Atrial Rhythms in Patients with Left Atrial Isomerism
Jae Kon Ko, Young Mee Suh, Young Hwee Kim, In Sook Park, Chang Yee Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1535-1541.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : Histologic studies have revealed ectopic location and hypoplasia of sinus nodal tissue in left atrial isomerism. The purpose of this study is to characterize the atrial rhythms corresponding to these histologic abnormalities in left atrial isomerism. Electrocardiograms in left atrial isomerism are characterized by multiple atrial rhythms with abnormal P-wave axes, but the complex nature of atrial rhythms...
Comparison Study between Immunohistochemical Staining and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay in Metalloproteinases and Tissue inhibitor of Metalloproteinases in Virus induced Myocarditis
Young Mi Hong, Seung Sook Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1524-1534.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : Most tissue disruption of extracellular matrix is mediated by extracellular proteinases. Matrix metalloproteinases(MMP) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases(TIMP) are associated with wound healing and repair. There has been no study done on MMP and TIMP in myocarditis. Methods : Coxsackie B virus(4,000 plaque forming unit) was injected into Balb/c mice by intraperitoneal injection. Histopathological finding was observed...
Implication of vacA s1 Genotype of Helicobacter pylori in Children
Yae Jean Kim, Hae Young Park, Mi Ae Lee, Jeong Wan Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1516-1523.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : Recently vacA s1 genotype of Helicobacter pylori was known to be associated with enhanced inflammation and peptic ulceration. To evaluate the association of the vacA s1 genotype with enhanced inflammation and peptic ulceration in children, we performed a polymerase chain reaction(PCR) for vacA s1 genotype. Methods : Twenty-seven CLO test-positive children were enrolled. They also revealed histological detection...
Study on Closing Time after Indomethacin Administration in Prematurity with Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Wan Cho, Suk Min Choi, Kyu Hyung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1508-1515.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : In the clinical field, the closing time of patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) varies among patients after indomethacin administration. We tried to predict it by analyzing related factors, and also by understanding what affects it. Methods : Among 30 cases of PDA at the NICU, 24 cases(male 14 cases, female 10 cases) were selected. Fifteen cases closed early(within 36 hours) and...
Tuberculin Response in Infants after BCG Vaccination during Neonatal Stage
Jeong Hee Kim, Dae Hyun Lim, Byung Kwan Son, Sei Woo Chung,, Jeong Gyu Kim, Seung Yeon Nam, Sang Il Lee, Jin A Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1502-1507.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : Mantoux test was widely used to identify the tuberculosis. But no reliable method exists for distinguishing tuberculin reactions caused by previous BCG vaccination from those caused by mycobacterial infections. So we studied Mantoux response in infants who had received BCG vaccination in the first month of life. Methods : Mantoux testing was carried out in 143 healthy infants...
Changes in Arterial Blood Gas in Crying Neonates
Yeo Hyang Kim, Heng Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1496-1501.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : Arterial blood gas and pH measurements are the standard by which adequacy of oxygenation and ventilation are assessed. The major problem with arterial punctures is that they can rarely be done without disturbing the neonates. Crying during arterial puncture usually results in change in respiratory patten and thus may result in significant changes in blood gas values Methods :...
Characteristics of Transient Hypothyroidism Detected by Neonatal Screening Test
Su-Yung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1487-1495.   Published online November 15, 1999
Purpose : To help differentiate transient hypothyroidism from congenital hypothyroidism, both of which might be confused initially, the clinical characteristics of transient hypothyroidism were compared to those of permanent ones. Methods : An analysis of the clinical data, including perinatal history, TFT(thyroid function test), and radionuclide scanning, was performed. The outcome of 18 patients of transient hypothyroidism was also compared to...
Dysmenorrhea and Premenstrual Syndrome of School Girls in Ansan
Yong Kyu Sohn, Yo Ahn Rho, Young Kyoo Shin, Baik Lin Eun, Sang Hee Park, Young Chang Tockgo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1434-1440.   Published online October 15, 1999
Purpose : Menstrual disorders are very common problems in adolescence. Most of them are minor, including mild dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome(PMS) and minor variations in cycle, length, or amount of flow. Dysmenorrhea is the most prevalent among them while PMS is a nebulous condition characterized by a broad spectrum of symptoms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation...
The Protective Effect of Vitamin E and Desferrioxamine on Cultured Cerebral Neurons of Neonatal Mouse Damaged by Ischemic Condition
So-ra Lee, Yeon-kyun Oh, Seung-taek Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1426-1433.   Published online October 15, 1999
Purpose : Perinatal asphyxia is an important cause of neurologic morbidity. Experiments in animal models of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury demonstrate that brain damage starts during hypoxia-ischemia. In order to evaluate the ischemic condition-induced neurotoxic effect in view of oxi- dative stress, we examined the cytotoxic effect in cultured cerebral neurons of neonatal mouse. Methods : Dissociated cell cultures were prepared...
Clinicial Observations of Oliguric Acute Renal Failure in Children
Sung-Soo Lee, Young-Mi Choi, Chong-Woo Bae, Sung-Ho Cha, Byoung-Soo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1419-1425.   Published online October 15, 1999
Purposes : We studied the clinicial findings of oliguric acute renal failure(ARF) developed on admission or during treatment of other diseases. Methods : We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records of 118 patients with oliguric ARF who had been admitted to Kyunghee University Hospital since January 1988 to December 1997. Diagnostic criteria of oliguric ARF are serum creatinine>1.0mg/dl and urine...
Effects of Respiration on Right and Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Normal Children
Hae-Soon Kim, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1412-1418.   Published online October 15, 1999
Purpose : To evaluate the effects of respiration on diastolic filling pattern in normal children by Doppler echocardiography. Materials and Methods : Doppler echocardiograms of the tricuspid and mitral valves were recorded with electrocardiogram and respirations in 46 normal children aged 3months to 14years(7.6¡¾3.5year). We measured the following variables: heart rate, the peak E and A velocities, the area under the...
Early Diagnosis of Rifampin-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Gene Analysis of RNA Polymerase B Subunit
Ki Seok Park, Nam Soo Park, Eun Ryoung Kim, Seok Ho Choi, Hyun Phil Cho, Young Ho Moon, Il Soo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1403-1411.   Published online October 15, 1999
Purpose : The control of tuberculosis is seriously threatened worldwide by the recently emerging multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. As a result, early detection of drug resistant M.tuberculosis strain has become very important but conventional laboratory methods are time consuming and delayed results often affect patients adversely in controlling tuberculosis. The authors studied the usefulness of the line probe assay to determine...
Hepatitis B Virus Precore and Core Promotor Mutations in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection
Woo Yeong Chung, Jin Kuk Kim, Yeong Hoon Kim, Yeong Hong Park, Chul Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1392-1402.   Published online October 15, 1999
Purpose : The aims of this study were to investigate the frequencies and role of hepatitis B virus(HBV) precore and core promotor mutations in children with chronic hepatitis B infection. Methods : Sera from 31 children with chronic HBV infection were analyzed by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction amplification of HBV DNA. Results : Twenty-nine adr type were analyzed. The mutations...
Clinical Trends in Acute Rheumatic Fever in Korean Children : Mailed Questionnaire Survey from 1988 to 1997 (Compared with 1978-1987)
Hyeon-Ho Kang, Sung-Ho Cha, Kyong-Su Lee, Sang-Bum Lee, Tae-Chan Kwon, Young-Chang Tockgo, Chang-Sung Son, Jin-A Son, Hee-Ju Park, Yong-Soo Yun, Jung-Yun Choi, Chang-Hwi Kim, Chul-Ho Kim, Tai-Ju Hwang, Jae-Sook Ma, Chan-Uhng Joo, Nam-Su Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1381-1391.   Published online October 15, 1999
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of acute rheumatic fever(ARF) among children in Korea and to describe trends in its clinical characteristics compared to data from a previous study(1978-1987). Methods : A mailed questionnaire survey sent to the pediatric departments of 13 general hospitals in Korea requested the total number of patients with ARF and...
Correlation between Changes of Intrapulmonary Right to Left Shunt and Improvements in Oxygenation after Exogenous Surfactant Administration in Preterm Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Sei Woo Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1373-1380.   Published online October 15, 1999
Purpose : This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in intrapulmonary right to left shunt(QSP/QT) and improvements in oxygenation during the 2-hr study period after Surfactant-TA(S-TA) administration. Methods : Umbilical arterial blood gases and corresponding respiratory indexes of 27 preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome were studied. The neonates were separated into group A(n=20) and group B(n=7) according...
Early Onset Hyperkalemia within 72 Hours after Birth in Extremely Preterm Infants
Young Pyo Chang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1366-1372.   Published online October 15, 1999
Purpose : The incidence of hyperkalemia and the factors contributing the serum potassium level within 72 hours after birth in extremely preterm infants were determined. Methods : The incidence of hyperkalemia and differences of clinical features between hyperkalemic(≥6.5mEq/L) and normokalemic(<6.5mEq/L) groups were determined by reviewing medical records of 53 extremely preterm infants born at less than 28 weeks gestation. Results :...
Follow up of Infants with Congenital Hypothyroidism Who were Detected by Newborn Screening Test
Kyung Ah Kim, Eun Sil Lee, Son Moon Shin, Han Ku Moon, Yong Hoon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1141-1148.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : Developmental delay in congenital hypothyroidism can be prevented by early detection and treatment. We conducted a follow-up study to assess the growth and development of infants with congenital hypothyroidism who were detected by newborn screening test and received thyroid hormone therapy. Methods : Nineteen hypothyroid infants were detected by newborn screening test from April 1995 to May 1997. Measurements...
Serum Leptin Concentrations in Extremely Obese Childen
Yon Ho Choe, In Young Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1136-1140.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is a difference in leptin concentrations between those of children of normal weight and extremely obese children. Methods : We measured serum concentrations of leptin in 70 extremely obese subjects(7 to 12 years, 20 girls and 50 boys), whose serums had been frozen at -70℃. Height, weight, obesity index,...
Comparison between Thyroid Function Test and Radiographic Size of Knee Epiphysis in Neonates with Congenital Hypothyroidism
An Sung Koh, Jae Ock Park, Dong Hwan Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1130-1135.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : Biochemical confirmation of congenital hypothyroidism takes about 10 days, which may result in a delay in diagnosis. The delay could be reduced if a faster method of investigation such as knee radiograph is used. The aim of this study is to assess the value of plain radiography of the knee in providing supportive evidence for the diagnosis of...
The Use of Quadruple Blood Bags Transfusion of Low Birth Weight Neonates
Sang Hoon Lee, Jean Yoon, Yang Park, Sung Kyu Lee, Hee Chung Kim, Woo Sup Shim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1122-1129.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : Low-birth-weight(LBW) neonates often need multiple transfusions during their neonatal period. The routine use of the 500ml mono-bag system in Korea, even in neonatal transfusions, results in a great waste of blood and exposes the neonate to multiple blood donors. To reduce the waste of blood and the number of exposures, we used quadruple blood bags in the transfusion...
Chemosensitivity Test of Childhood Leukemic Cells
Tae Woong Ha, Su Kyung Jung, Heung Sik Kim, Chin Moo Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1111-1121.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : The purpose of the present study is to determine the relation between in vitro resistance to 9 drugs, measured with colorimetric methylthiazol tetrazolium(MTT) assay and prognostic factors. Methods : Thirty children with leukemia were evaluated at the pediatric department of Dongsan Medical Center. All samples tested with the MTT assay contained 80% or more leukemic cells, which were isolated...
A Comparative Study of Red Blood Cell Indices and Anemia by Feeding Patterns
Pill-Jin Shin, Chong-Woo Bae, Yong-Mook Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1104-1110.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : Iron-deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency in young infants. This study was designed to determine feeding patterns in infants, and determine a correlation between feeding patterns and incidence of anemia. Methods : This study was conducted by taking blood tests (hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red cell indices) by venipuncture with the electronic counters from 221 infants aged 9-12...
The Effects of Glutamate Receptor Antagonists on Cultured Cerebral Cortical Neurons of Neonatal Mouse Damaged by Oxidative Stress
Dae-ho Choi, Yeon-kyun Oh, Seung-taek Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1096-1103.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : To evaluate neurotoxic effects induced by oxygen-radicals, which were generated by adding xanthine oxidase(XO) and hypoxanthine(HX), and protective effects of glutamate receptor antagonist such as MK-801 and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline(CNQX). Methods : Dissociated cell cultures were prepared from cerebrum of neonatal mouse. Tissues were dissected and diced into small pieces in phosphate buffered saline and were incubated at 37℃. Isolated cells...
Effects of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition into Apoptosis and Related Genes in the Neonatal Rat Kidney
Kee Hwan Yoo, Haewon Cheon, Byung Min Choi, Young Sook Hong, Joo Won Lee, Soon Kyum Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1086-1095.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : The renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in renal growth and development. Exposuring the neonate to angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor increases mortality and results in growth retardation and abnormal renal development. ACE inhibition in the developing kidney reduces the renal expression of TGF-β1 and EGF, which may account for renal growth impairment. This study was designed to...
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