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Review Article
Infection
Effects of nasopharyngeal microbiota in respiratory infections and allergies
Hyun Mi Kang, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(11):543-551.   Published online April 15, 2021
· The nasal microbiota varies with age and is shaped by various factors in healthy individuals.
· The pathological condition of the respiratory tract appears to be associated with reduced nasal microbiota biodiversity, while dysbiosis is involved in the pathophysiology of many respiratory diseases, including otitis, sinusitis, allergic diseases, and lower respiratory infections.
Case Report
Rheumatology
Recurrent macrophage activation syndrome since toddler age in an adolescent boy with HLA B27 positive juvenile ankylosing spondylitis
Joon Hyeong Park, Yu Mi Seo, Seung Beom Han, Ki Hwan Kim, Jung Woo Rhim, Nack Gyun Chung, Myung Shin Kim, Jin Han Kang, Dae Chul Jeong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(10):421-424.   Published online October 17, 2016

Recurrent macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is very rare. We present the case of an adolescent boy with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B27-positive ankylosing spondylitis (AS), who experienced episodes of recurrent MAS since he was a toddler. A 16-year-old boy was admitted because of remittent fever with pancytopenia and splenomegaly after surgical intervention for an intractable perianal abscess. He had been...

Review Article
BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis after pediatric stem cell transplantation
Seung Beom Han, Bin Cho, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2014;57(12):514-519.   Published online December 31, 2014

Hemorrhagic cystitis is a common stem cell transplantation-related complication. The incidence of early-onset hemorrhagic cystitis, which is related to the pretransplant conditioning regimen, has decreased with the concomitant use of mesna and hyperhydration. However, late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis, which is usually caused by the BK virus, continues to develop. Although the BK virus is the most common pathogenic microorganism of poststem...

Case Report
Use of intravenous immunoglobulin in a disseminated varicella infection in an immunocompromised child
Jae Hong Kim, Dae Hyun Kwon, E Young Bae, Seung Beom Han, Jae Wook Lee, Nack Gyun Chung, Dae Chul Jeong, Bin Cho, Jin Han Kang, Hack Ki Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2014;57(8):370-373.   Published online August 25, 2014

Varicella-zoster virus infection can lead to severe illness in immunocompromised patients. Further the mortality rate of disseminated varicella infection is extremely high particularly in immunocompromised children. We report a case of disseminated varicella infection in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was receiving chemotherapy, but was initially admitted with only for acute abdominal pain. The patient rapidly developed severe...

Liver abscess due to Klebsiella pneumoniae in a healthy 12-year-old boy
Da Hye Yoon, Yeon Jin Jeon, E Young Bae, Dae Chul Jeong, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(11):496-499.   Published online November 27, 2013

Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is rare in healthy children. We report a case of PLA in an immunocompetent 12-year-old boy. Percutaneous catheter drainage was performed for the abscess. In addition, parenteral antibiotics were administered for 3 weeks. Klebsiella pneumoniae was detected in the culture of blood and drained fluid. Here, we present this case and a brief review of the...

A case of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease with autoimmune thyroiditis
Eun Ji Go, You Jin Jung, Seung Beom Han, Byung Kyu Suh, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(11):445-448.   Published online November 23, 2012

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a benign self-limiting disease characterized by fever and lymphadenitis. The etiology and pathogenesis of KFD is unclear. However, two hypotheses have been suggested: a viral infection hypothesis and an autoimmune hypothesis. Several KFD patients with various types of autoimmune diseases have been reported, and these reports support the hypothesis for autoimmune pathogenesis of KFD. Here, we...

Original Article
Regional differences in phylogenetic group of Escherichia coli strains isolated from children with urinary tract infection in Korea
Ui-Yoon Choi, Seung Beom Han, Soo Young Lee, Jin Han Kang, Sun Mi Kim, Sang Hyuk Ma
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(11):420-423.   Published online November 23, 2012
Purpose

We phylogenetically analyzed the Escherichia coli strains isolated from children with urinary tract infection (UTI) in 2 regions of Korea. Virulence factors (VFs) and antibiotic resistance of the strains were also determined to compare the possible differences.

Methods

A total of 138 E. coli strains were collected from the 2 regions; Gyeongin (78 strains) and Gyeongnam (60 strains). The phylogenetic groups were...

Clinical manifestations of CNS infections caused by enterovirus type 71
Cheol Soon Choi, Yun Jung Choi, Ui Yoon Choi, Ji Whan Han, Dae Chul Jeong, Hyun Hee Kim, Jong Hyun Kim, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(1):11-16.   Published online January 31, 2011
Purpose

Enterovirus 71, one of the enteroviruses that are responsible for both hand-foot-and-mouth disease and herpangina, can cause neural injury. During periods of endemic spread of hand-foot-andmouth disease caused by enterovirus 71, CNS infections are also frequently diagnosed and may lead to increased complications from neural injury, as well as death. We present the results of our epidemiologic research on the...

A case of meningoencephalitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes in a healthy child
Ji Eun Lee, Won Kyoung Cho, Chan Hee Nam, Min Ho Jung, Jin Han Kang, Byung Kyu Suh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(5):653-656.   Published online May 31, 2010

Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative anaerobic, gram-positive bacillus that is isolated from the soil, vegetables, and wild or domestic animals. Listeria occurs predominantly in the elderly, immunocompromised patients, pregnant women and newborns. Infections by this microorganism are rare in healthy infants and children. L. monocytogenes may cause meningitis, meningoencephalitis, brain abscess, pyogenic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and liver abscesses in children. The...

Case Report
A case of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis with seasonal recurrence
Ga Young Kwak, Na Young Lee, Moon Hee Lee, Soo Young Lee, Seung Yun Chung, Jin Han Kang, Dae Chul Jeong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(2):256-260.   Published online February 15, 2009
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare disease affecting mostly children. This disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of hemoptysis, bilateral diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, and iron-deficiency anemia. An acute fulminant alveolar hemorrhage can be fatal due to respiratory failure, while chronic hemorrhage leads to hemosiderin-laden macrophages and pulmonary fibrosis. Genetic, autoimmune, allergic, environmental, and metabolic mechanisms of pathogenesis have been...
Original Article
The immunogenicity and reactogenicity of Td booster vaccination in Korean preadolescents, aged with 11-12 years old
Soo Young Lee, Ga Young Kwak, Hye Rin Mok, Jong Hyun Kim, Jae Kyun Hur, Kyung Il Lee, Park Joon Su, Sang Hyuk Ma, Hwang Min Kim, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(11):1185-1190.   Published online November 15, 2008
Purpose : This study was undertaken to evaluate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of Td booster immunization in early preadolescents of Korea. Methods : Healthy preadolescents, who had been vaccinated with 4 or 5 doses of DTaP vaccines until 6 years old age, were enrolled in this study from August 2006 to April 2007. Diphtheria and tetanus anti-toxoid antibodies in sera were...
Performance effectiveness of pediatric index of mortality 2 (PIM2) and pediatricrisk of mortality III (PRISM III) in pediatric patients with intensive care in single institution: Retrospective study
Hui Seung Hwang, Na Young Lee, Seung Beom Han, Ga Young Kwak, Soo Young Lee, Seung Yun Chung, Jin Han Kang, Dae Chul Jeong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(11):1158-1164.   Published online November 15, 2008
Purpose : To investigate the discriminative ability of pediatric index of mortality 2 (PIM2) and pediatric risk of mortality III (PRISM III) in predicting mortality in children admitted into the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods : We retrospectively analyzed variables of PIM2 and PRISM III based on medical records with children cared for in a single hospital ICU from January 2003...
An analysis of one-year experience of pediatric observation unit: The first report in Korea
Jee Young Lee, Ui-Yoon Choi, Soo Young Lee, Ji-Young Lee, Byong Chan Lee, Hui Sung Hwang, Hye Rin Mok, Dae Chul Jeong, Seung Yun Chung, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):622-628.   Published online July 15, 2007
Purpose : While pediatric observation units (POU) have become a common practice in hospitals throughout developed countries, there has been no report about POUs in Korea so far. The aims of this study were to analyze our one-year's experience of the POU and to decide which disease entities are suitable for the POU. Methods : All children admitted from...
The immunogenicity and safety of three-component DTaP vaccine in Korean infants
Jin Han Kang, Jong Hyun Kim, Jung Hyun Lee, Soo Young Lee, Young Jin Hong, Chang Hwi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(4):355-362.   Published online April 15, 2007
Purpose : We conducted the study to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of three component DTaP vaccine (Infanrix ) in a group of Korean healthy infants on a three-dose primary vaccination. And we compared the immunogenicity of this DTaP vaccine with two component DTaP vaccine which has been widely used in Korea. Methods : We enrolled one hundred fifty one healthy...
Review Article
Fever and rash
Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(2):132-137.   Published online February 15, 2007
Patients with febrile illness and skin rashes need full and immediate attention. In general, these diseases show mild manifestations and good prognosis. However, causalities of some diseases with fever and rash may be life threatening or trivial. So, the differential diagnosis for those patients is extensive. A through history, a careful physical examination and close observation of clinical progress are...
Original Article
Immunogenicity and safety of enhanced-inactivated poliovaccine(eIPV) in healthy Korean infants
Jung Soo Kim, Young Jin Hong, Jong Duk Kim, Young Taek Jang, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(8):864-869.   Published online August 15, 2006
Purpose : We evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of eIPV(Imovax PolioⓇ) in a group of healthy Korean infants on a three-dose primary vaccination. Methods : Eighty one healthy infants aged 8-10 weeks were enrolled, and 79(male 42, female 37) completed the study. Three doses of eIPV were injected intramuscularly at 2, 4 and 6 months of age as of primary...
Susceptibility tests of oral antibiotics including cefixime against Escherichia coli, isolated from pediatric patients withcommunity acquired urinary tract infections
Soo Young Lee, Jung Hyun Lee, Jong Hyun Kim, Jae Kyun Hur, Sun Mi Kim, Sang Hyuk Ma, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(7):777-783.   Published online July 15, 2006
Purpose : Urinary tract infection(UTI) is one of the most frequent infections in children. E. coli is the most frequent etiological micropathogen in pediatric community UTI, and E. coli has developed resistance to many antibiotics, highlighting the need for regular surveys of this organism resistant patterns in the community. The aim of this study was to determine the oral antibiotic...
A survey of parental knowledge of vaccination
Jung Woo Rhim, Chang Hwi Kim, Won Bae Lee, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(3):251-257.   Published online March 15, 2006
Purpose : In this study, we created a questionnaire and collected answers concerning actual conditions of vaccination and parents' knowledge of vaccination issues, in order to find false knowledge of patients. We tried to give correct information and suggested the role of the pediatrician. Methods : We made questionnaires and collected answers from 466 parents from March 2004 to June...
CMV antigenemia following pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation : risk factors and outcomes
Eun-Young Cho, Young-Shil Park, Dae-Hyung Lee, Ji Kyoung Park, Sangrhim Choi, Sun Young Kim, Pil-Sang Jang, Dong-Gun Lee, Nak-Gyun Chung, Jong Hyun Kim, Dae-Chul Jeong, Bin Cho, Jae Gyun Hur, Jin Han Kang, Hack-Ki Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(2):173-180.   Published online February 15, 2006
Purpose : Cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection still remains as a major cause of morbidity and mortality after stem cell transplantation. In this study, we analyzed the results of antigenemia-guided pre- emptive therapy among children with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to determine the incidence and risk factors associated with CMV antigenemia, and evaluated the efficacy of the CMV antigenemia based preemptive therapy....
Penicillin Resistant Distribution and in-vitro Susceptibility of Oral Antibiotics against Streptococcus pneumoniae, isolated from Pediatric Patients with Community- Acquired Respiratory Infections in Korea
Jin Han Kang, Sun Mi Kim, Jong Hyun Kim, Hur Jae Kyun, Kyung Yil Lee, Young Ku Shin, Su Eun Park, Sang Hyuk Ma, Young Jin Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(1):40-47.   Published online January 15, 2005
Purpose : S. pneumoniae is one of major pathogens of community-acquired respiratory infections. The rate of antibiotic resistance to this organism has increased, and resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents in a single strain of S. pneumoniae may compromise the efficacy of empiric antimicrobial treatment commonly used for respiratory infections. We did this study to find out the penicillin resistant distributions...
Colonic Polyps; Experience of 34 Cases in Two Hospitals
Seoung Joon Kim, Sun Mi Kim, You Jeong Kim, Dae Chul Jeong, Won Bae Lee, Seung Yun Chung, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(7):756-761.   Published online July 15, 2004
Purpose : Colonic polyps are among the most common causes of rectal bleeding in children. We studied the clinical spectrum, histology, malignant potential and treatment of colonic polyps in our cases. Methods : We reviewed hospital charts of all patients with colonic polyps, seen over a 15-year period from January 1988 to November 2002. Colonoscopy and/or barium enema were done for...
Epidemiological Study of Pneumococcal Nasal Carriage and Serotypes Among Korean Children
Sun Mi Kim, Jae Kyun Hur, Kyung Yil Lee, Young Kil Shin, Su Eun Park, Sang Hyuk Ma, Ahn Youn Min, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(6):611-616.   Published online June 15, 2004
Purpose : The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pneumococcal nasal carriage and confirm the distribution of pneumococcal capsular serotypes in Korean children below aged 5 years old. Another reason this study was performed was to identify the theoretical coverage by seven valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine, and confirm the penicillin resistant rate. Methods : This study included...
Case Report
A Case of Tuberous Sclerosis associated with Abdominal Aneurysm
Eun Jeong Lee, So Jeong Yim, Sun Mi Kim, Dae Chul Jeong, Jin Han Kang, Seung Yun Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(5):583-587.   Published online May 15, 2004
Tuberous sclerosis(TS) is known to be associated with multi-organ involvements, such as neurologic, renal and cardiac abnormalities. Abdominal aortic aneurysms in children and young adults are uncommon, however, some have been observed in patients with TS. We present an 8 month-old female patient with TS who developed aortic aneurysm and underwent successful surgical management. Since an aortic aneurysm is potentially...
Erratum
Distribution of Anti-Mumps IgM Antibody in Children Presumptively Diagnosed of Mumps
Sung Hee Oh, Do Hack Yum, Jin Han Kang, Young Mo Sohn, Hoan Jong Lee, Bok Yang Pyun, Young Jin Hong, Chang Hwi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(1):17-25.   Published online January 15, 2001
Purpose : Outbreaks of mumps continue to occur, even though the number of patients diagnosed of mumps has decreased considerably with the widespread use of vaccine. The accurate diagnosis of mumps is needed to understand the epidemiology of mumps and analyse the safety and effectiveness of vaccine. Therefore, we attempted to appraise the accuracy of provisional diagnosis of mumps in...
Original Article
Typing of Epstein-Barr Virus in Healthy Korean Children and Adults
Jin Han Kang, Jae Kyun Hur, Joeng Hyun Kim, Ahn Hee Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(5):644-649.   Published online May 15, 2000
Purpose : Recently, the list of Epsterin-Barr Virus(EBV)-associated diseases has been growing. It is now known that there are two types(type 1 & 2) of EBV, but it has yet to be fully investigated as to whether type B EBV differs in any way from type A virus in terms of geographical distribution or disease association. We performed this study...
Antibody Response and Adverse Reaction Following Immunization with MMR Vaccine Produced on Human Diploid Cells in Korean Children
Sung Hee Oh, Jin Han Kang, Young Mo Sohn, Hoan Jong Lee, Bok Yang Pyun, Chang Hwi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(4):489-495.   Published online April 15, 2000
Purpose : This prospective study was performed to evaluate the immunogenecity and safety of MMR vaccine(Triviraten Berna¢c) in Korea children. Methods : Seventy-three infants aged between 12 to 18 months were recruited from several university hospitals between December 1995 to June 1996. MMR vaccine(Triviraten Berna¢c) was administrered and blood was obtained before and 6-10 weeks after vaccination. IgG antibodies against measles,...
Clinical Lecture
Skin Rashes in Children
Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(4):431-436.   Published online April 15, 1998
Original Article
The Report of the Epidemiology of Measles which Prevailed in the Kyungi-Incheon Districts from July, 1993 & June,1994
Sang Uk Moon, Sung Dong Choi, Seng Yeon Jung, Byung Kyu Seo, Won Bae Lee, Jin Han Kang, Kyung Soo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(10):1378-1384.   Published online October 15, 1996
Purpose : As a result of the development and the supply of vaccination, the epochal progress in vaccination against measles has been made. Nevertheless measles intermittent prevalence throughout the world was reported and measles prevailed throughout country in 1993 & 1994. So, we studied the epidemics of measles which prevailed in the Kyungi-Incheon districts and then evaluated the effects of the present vaccination indirectly...
Case Report
A Case of Inflammatory Linear Verrucous Epidermal Nevus
Hye Kyong Yoon, Dae Eui Hong, Sung Dong Choi, Seung Yun Jung, Byung Kyu Suh, Jin Han Kang, Sang Hyun Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(7):1025-1028.   Published online July 15, 1996
Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus(ILVEN) is a relatively rare skin disorder, characterized by chronic inflammatory psoriasiform pattern. This chronic skin disorder is generally believed to be resistant to various treatments, although some authors have reported success with 13-cis-retinoic acid and 585 nm pulsed laser therapy. We experienced a 15-month aged female ILVEN patient who has been suffered from linear erythematous verrucous pathes mainly located on...
Original Article
Report of Nationwide Epidemiology of Aseptic Meningitis Outbreak in 1993 in Korea
Sung Hee Oh, Moo-Song Lee, Jin Han Kang, Chang Hwi Kim, Chong Young Park, Young Mo Sohn, Hoan Jong Lee, Chung Sik Chun, Sang Mann Shin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(1):42-52.   Published online January 15, 1996
Purpose : There has been no nationwide report pertaining to the epidemiology of aseptic meningitis, although a great numer of patients have been diagnosed of the illness. Therefore, we report an explosive outbreak of aseptic meningitis occured in a nationwide scale in 1993. Methods : Aseptic meningitis epidemiology surveillence was performed retrospectively on the patients diagnosed of aseptic meinigitis from January...
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