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Original Article
Oscillometric Blood Pressure of Upper and Lower Extremities and Aortic Blood Flow Velocity in Neonates
Sang Young Bae, Hae Soon Kim, Se Jung Sohn, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(4):484-488.   Published online April 15, 2000
Purpose : We studied the blood pressure difference between the upper and lower extremities in healthy newborn infants and the effect of isthmic narrowing of the aorta on making a possible difference. Methods : The blood pressure was measured with an oscillometric blood pressure device from four extremities of 62 healthy infants aged 1-15 days. A Doppler echocardiography was performed for...
Postoperative Doppler Echocardiographic Study of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
Nam Cheol Cho, Hyoung Doo Lee, Si Chan Sung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(12):1683-1688.   Published online December 15, 1999
Purpose : We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of Doppler study by examining obstruction at the site of anastomosis in patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous return(TAPVR). Methods : Retrograde analysis of the postoperative echocardiography results was done in 14 patients with simple TAPVR, who were operated at Dong-A University Hospital from January 1993 to July 1998. The peak...
Case Report
A Case of Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava Detected on Fetal Echocardiography
Jin Lee, Young-Yoo Kim, Youn-Soo Lee, Jong-Chul Shin, Jong-Wan Kim, Chung-Sik Chun, Kyung-Tai Whang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(11):1604-1609.   Published online November 15, 1999
We experienced a case of persistent left superior vena cava draining into the common atrium in a fetus of 26-year-old primigravida. Persistent left superior vena cava is derived from the left cardinal vein. This anomalous vessel usually drains into the right atrium via the coronary sinus and has no physiologic significance. Much less frequently, the left superior vena cava drains...
Original Article
Estimating Fetal Cardiac Output by Doppler Echocardiography
Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(2):203-210.   Published online February 15, 1999
Purpose : Doppler echocardiography has been used to identify fetal cardiac anatomy and hemodynamics. It can estimate flow velocity, volume, and cardiac output. The purposes of this study were to estimate right and left ventricular stroke volume and cardiac output in fetus, and to see if there were any changes of right and left ventricular parameter with fetal growth. Methods :...
Cardiovascular Doppler Flow Waveforms in Human Fetuses
Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(12):1639-1649.   Published online December 15, 1998
Purpose : Doppler echocardiography has been used to identify fetal cardiac anatomy and hemodynamics. It can estimate flow velocity, volume, and cardiac output. The purpose of this study was to look at cardiovascular waveforms in fetus and to see if there were any changes in Doppler parameter with fetal growth. Methods : Blood velocity studies were performed across the mitral, tricuspid,...
Case Report
Two Cases of Double-Orifice Mitral Valve Detected by Echocardiography
Kwan Cheol Oh, Yong Wook Kim, Ki Bok Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):825-830.   Published online June 15, 1998
Double-orifice mitral valve is a rare congenital anomaly. Most cases of double-orifice mitral valve are hemodynamically normal and remain symptomless, so that it is usually discovered incidentally in autopsy or during surgical correction of a cardiovascular abnormality. Recently, however, it is increasingly recognized as such, since the echocardiography has gained wide acceptance as a non-invasive diagnostic tool by the M-mode, two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiogram....
A Case of Berry Syndrome associated with Syndactyly
Sang Chun Jung, Kyoung Sim Kim, Yong Wook Kim, Ki Bok Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(4):543-547.   Published online April 15, 1998
Berry syndrome is a rare association of congenital heart anomalies which consists of a distal aortopulmonary window with aortic origin of the right pulmonary artery and hypoplasia or interruption of the aortic arch. This defect can be corrected only by immediate surgical intervention, so accurate preoperative diagnosis and detailed anatomic depiction of this syndrome are important in prognosis. We experienced a case of Berry...
Original Article
Incidence of Congenital Heart Disease in Neonate by Color Doppler Echocardiography
Tae Chan Kwon, Joon Sik Kim, Sang Lak Lee, Myung Sung Kim, Geun Soo Park, Chun Soo Kim, In Joo Kim, Bin Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(3):363-368.   Published online March 15, 1998
Purpose : Many reports exist about the frequency of congenital heart disease(CHD) in the world, but according to the definition of CHD and subjects of study group, many differences existed between the reports. We conducted this study to evaluate the incidence and frequency of CHD by color Doppler echocardiography in neonate, and to suggest a preliminary model of incidence of...
Left Ventricular Mass Estimated by Three Methods of Echocardiography in Normal Children
Yae Jean Kim, Soo Ja Hwang, Dong Hee Shin, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(2):192-199.   Published online February 15, 1998
Purpose : Left ventricular hypertrophy is an important diagnostic and prognostic finding in children with various cardiovascular diseases. Echocardiographic determination of the left ventricular mass is the most accurate method for assessing left ventricular hypertrophy non-invasively. The purposes of this study are 1) to establish a reproducible, validated method for determining left ventricular mass in children by echocardiography, 2) to...
Case Report
One Case of Congenital Complete Atrioventricular Block Diagnosed by Fetal Echocardiography
Eun Jung Kim, Tae Hoon Kang, Hyoung Doo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(4):567-571.   Published online April 15, 1997
Congenital complete atrioventicular block is uncommon which has a heterogenous etiology. According to recent studies, about one-third of the mothers of the patients who were diagnosed as congenital complete atrioventricular block, had symptoms or signs of connective tissue disease. Even though the outlook is usually regarded as favorable, the mortality is highest in the neonatal period, much lower during childhood...
Original Article
Myocardial Functions Estimated by Pulsed Doppler Echocardiography in Patientswith Chronic Renal Failure
Hyun June Huh, Byung Ho Choi, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(12):1712-1728.   Published online December 15, 1996
Purpose : The objectives of this study were to estimate myocardial functions in patients with chronic renal failure by pulsed Doppler echocardiography, and investigate correlation between Doppler and disease parameters. Methods : We studied 13 patients with chronic renal failure whose creatinine clearance rate less than 25ml/min. Using pulsed Doppler echocardiography with curve following method, we measured peak velocity, mean velocity, velocity-time integral and peak...
Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Cardiac Anomalies
Nam Su Kim, Myung Kul Yum, Hahng Lee, Sung Ro Jung, Jung Bae Yoo, Jae Ek Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(10):1395-1404.   Published online October 15, 1996
Purpose : Fetal echocardiography is used for the prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease. Fetal echocardiography allows decisions to be made in advance where the fetal abnormality is not compatible with life after delivery or where early correction is required. Our fetal echocardiographic experience was analysed retrospectively to guide future clinical application. Methods : 138 mothers had fetal echocardiography from April 1992 to December...
Normal Values of Left Ventricular Mass by Echocardiography in Korean Children
Eun A Kim, Chun Soo Kim, Geun Soo Park, Myung Sung Kim, Sang Lak Lee, Joon Sik Kim, Tae Chan Kwon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(6):797-802.   Published online June 15, 1996
Purpose : Determination of left ventricular myocardial mass with echocardiography is feasible and validated. American Society of Echocardiography(ASE) issued recommendations for the quantitation of the left ventricle by M-mode echocardiography. The purpose of this study is to determine the mean value of left ventricular mass in Korean children. Methods : We measured left ventricular mass in 498 subjects(male 289, female 209) using ASE...
Evaluation of Abnormal Coronary Artery Flow in Anomalous Coronary Artery Connections by Pulsed and Color Doppler Echocardiography
Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(1):78-87.   Published online January 15, 1996
Purpose : Anomalous connection of coronary artery can result in damage of myocardial perfusion, myocardial infarction, or congestive heart failure. Echocardiography has been used to demonstrate coronary artery anomalies such as coronary artery fistula, anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery, and aneurysm of the coronary arteries in Kawasaki disease. Definitive diagnosis relies on cardiac catheterization The...
Fetal Cardiac Malformation : types and associated anomalies
Ho Sung Kim, Jeong Wook Seo, Chung Il Noh, Jung Yun Choi, Yong Soo Yun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(6):811-818.   Published online June 15, 1995
Purpose : The relative incidence of fetal cardiac anomalies and associated extracardiac anomalies in Korean fetuses were studied. Methods : Findings in fetal echocardiography and autopsy were reviewed using 129 fetuses with cardiac anomalis detected at a gestational period under 38 weeks from 1991 Jan. to 1994 June. Results : The most common fetal cardiac anomaly was isolated atrial septal defect(28 cases...
Relationship of Echocardiographic, Shunt Flow, and Angiographic Size to the Operation Diameter of the Atrial Septal Defect
Dae Kwon Hong, Hae Yong Lee, Baek Keun Lim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(2):232-239.   Published online February 15, 1995
This report is based on analysis of admissions to the department of pediatric at the Wonju Christian Hospital during the 3 3/4-year period from January 1989 to September 1993 with an Isolated ostium secundum ASD. Several methods of assessment of ASD size, namely, echographic, pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio(Qp:Qs), and angiographic measures, were undertaken in a group of 37 patients, who were being...
Right Ventricular Area, Dimension, and Volume Measured by Two-dimensional Echocardiography in Normal Children
I-Seok Kang, Jung-Yun Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(10):1340-1349.   Published online October 15, 1994
The usefulness of two-dimensional echocardiography to measure the right ventricular volume was assessed in 58 normal children(mean age 5 years and 3 months). From the apical 4-chamber view(A4CV), the subcostal RV sagittal view(SCRVSV), the subcostal right anterior oblique view(SCRAOV), and the subcostal RV coronal view(SCRVCV), the dimensions and areas of the right ventricle were measured. The right ventricular volumes and...
Pulmonary Venous Flow Pattern by Doppler Echocardiography before and after Closure of Ductus Arteriousus in Newborns
Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(9):1213-1219.   Published online September 15, 1994
Color Doppler echocardiography was performed to evaluate pulmonary venous flow pattern at 1st~2nd day of birth in 84 fullterm newborns (36: patent ductus arteriosus, 48: closed ductus arteriosus). Aortic and pulmonic diameter, velocity and integral were estimated. The purpose of this study ascertained that patent ductus arteriosus changed the pulmonary vein velocity and flow integral. The results were...
Serial M-mode Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Function in Kawasaki Disease
Byung Ho Choi, Jin Kyung Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(6):759-766.   Published online June 15, 1994
To investigate the effect of kawasaki disease on left ventricular function, we studied 92 patients with Kawasaki disease at initial visit, after 3 months (78 patients) and after 1 year (9 patients). Using serial M-mode echocardiogram, we obtained LVD(d) (left ventricular internal dimension at end diastole), LVD(s)(left ventricular internal dimension at end systole), FS(fractional shortening), ET(ejection time), VmCF(mean velocity of circumferential...
Normal Fetal echocardiography
Seock Joong Yoon, Sung Jin Hong, Hyung Gu Cho, Jung Wan Yoo, Dong Chul Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(5):606-611.   Published online May 15, 1994
Fetal echocardiography is used by means of decleration of fetal cardiac anaxtomy, to estabilish the diagnosis of congenital heart disease in utero. We attemped fetal echocardiography to ninty three pregnant women after intra uterine period 24 weeks, and estimated cardiac circumference, cardiac axis, pulmonary atery root diameter, arortic root diameter, diameter of inferior vena cava, diameterof superior vena cava, and...
Evaluation of Pulmonary Venous, Mitral and Aortic Flow Pattern by Doppler Echocardiography in Neonates
Hye Soon Kim, Young Mi Hong, Gyoung Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(5):596-605.   Published online May 15, 1994
Pulmonary vein velocities have recently been estimated in conjunction with mitral flow velocities to increase our understanding of ventricular filling. The advent of transesophageal echocardiography with pulsed doppler imaging capability has provided a method by which both the mitral valve and pulmonary vein velocities can be easily recorded because of the posterior approach providing unimpeded interrogation of cardiac structures. The purpose...
Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Changes of the Interventricular Septal Morphology in Postoperative Tetralogy of Fallot Patients
Im Jae Park, Jun Hee Sul, Jong-Kyun Lee, Seok Min Choi, Jo Won Chung, Sung Kyu Lee, Bum Koo Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(4):502-509.   Published online April 15, 1994
The hemodynamic feature of the tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is best characterized by equality of left and right ventricular peak systolic pressure. The interventricular septum is flattened and thickened. Even after the right ventricular pressure is normalized in the postoperative period, the morphological abnormality continues for some time. We have analyzed the morphological changes of the IVS echocardiographically after total...
Cardiac Rhabdomyoma in Children-A Report of 26 Cases
Ho Sung Kim, Youn Woo Kim, Wun Jung Bae, Chung Il Noh, Jung Yun Choi, Yong Soo Yun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(1):61-69.   Published online January 15, 1994
We reviewed 26 cases of Cardiac rhabdomyoma in children which were diagnosed between 1986 and 1991 in Seoul National University Children's Hospital. Twenty-two cases were associated with tuberous sclerosis. Total tumor count was 58 and mean tumor count per patient was 2.23. Their Cardiac rhabdomyoma were diagnosed from fetal period through 12 years after birth. Median age was 9.5 months....
Comparative Value of Cardiac MRI and Echocardiography in the Assessment of Congenital Heart Lesions
Young-Hwue Kim, #NAME? Park, Chang-Yee Hong, Shi-Joon Yoo, Tae-Hwan Lim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(10):1343-1350.   Published online October 15, 1993
To examine the usefulness of cardiac MRI in assessing patients (pt) with congenital heart diseases (CHD), informations obtained from MRI and echocardiogrphy (echo) were compared in 91 consecutive pt with CHD and was correlated with findings at cardiac catheterization(53pt) and at surgery (71pt). Pt were studied with 1.5Tesla MRI unit and multiplanar images of the heart and great vessels were...
Serial Doppler Echocardiographic Evaluation of Anthracycline Induced Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Children
Nam Geun Heo, Myung Chul Hyun, Kun Soo Lee, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(2):214-222.   Published online February 15, 1993
Anthracycline drugs are chemoterapeutic agents highly effective against a wide range of neoplasms. However, its administration may be complicated by cardiotoxic reactions. There is a continuum of increasing risk with increasing total dose of drug rather than an absolute cutoff point for total dose drug of that should not be exceeded under any circumstances. At the present time it appears that a...
Quantitative Assessment of the Diameters of Tricuspid Valve, Mitral Valve and Great Arteries in the Normal Human Fetus -Cross Sectional Echocardiographic Study-
Jung Yun Choi, Kyung Hee Park, Chung Il Noh, Yong Soo Yun, I Seok Kang, Eun Sook Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(11):1566-1572.   Published online November 15, 1992
In order to assess the growth of the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, and the aortic and pulmonary pathways in the normal human fetus, 181 fetal echocardiograms taken from 127 pregnant women (some women had repeated examinations) were analysed. Diameters were measured from cross sectional images and were correlated with gestational period. The diameter ratios of tricuspid valve/mitral valve, aorta/main pulmonary artery,...
Blood Flow Velocity in the Ascending Aorta and Main Pulmonary Artery of Children by Doppler Echocardiography
Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(10):1343-1354.   Published online October 15, 1992
The purpose of this study is to establish normal values for Doppler aortic and pulmonary artery flow velocity measurements, adjusted for age and the other parameters, which might be used for evaluating patients with suspected abnormalities of left and right sided hemodynamics. Blood flow velocity measurements were made in the ascending aorta and proximal main pulmonary artery of 117 pediatric normal...
Dimension of Normal Coronary Arteries Determined by Cross-Sectional Echocardiograph
Jung Yun Choi, Yong Soo Yun, Chung Il Noh, Jong Un Choi, I Seok Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(10):1336-1342.   Published online October 15, 1992
In order to determine the normal values of coronary arterial dimensions in children, eighty eight children without any cardiovascular diseases were studied with cross-sectional echocardiography. Age ranged from 1 day to 15 years. Four sites (proximal right coronary artery, left main, left anterior descending, and left circumflex coronary artery) were selected to measure the dimensions. The right coronary artery was measured...
The Comparison of Coronary Arterial Dimensions Measured by Cross-sectional Echocardiography with Values Obtained by Coronary Angiography in Kawasaki Disease
Mi Jin Jung, Jung Yun Choi, Shung Il Noh, Yong Soo Yun, I Seok Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(8):1102-1106.   Published online August 15, 1992
In order to assess accuracy of cross-sectional echocardiographic measurements of coronary arterial dimension, measured values of coronary arterial dimensions by cross-sectional echocardiography were compared with the angiographic results. Twenty eight patients with Kawasaki diseas (male: female= 3:1, age range, 7 months-8 years) were studied by both coronary arteriography and crossleft anterior descending coronary artery, and left circumflex coronary artery) were...
Color Doppler Echocardiographic Evaluation of Residual Ductal Flow After Surgical Ligation
I Seok Kang, Hyun Kwack, Chung Il Noh, Jung Yun Choi, Yong Soo Yun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1992;35(5):602-606.   Published online May 15, 1992
We evaluated the incidence of residual ductal flow with color Doppler echocardiography and associated clinical findings in 63 patients who had undergone surgical ligation for isolated PDA, The interval between surgery and color Doppler echocardiographic evaluation ranged from 2 days to6.6 years(mean 7 months). In 40 patients, color Doppler echocardiographic studies were done within 1month after surgery. In 8 of...
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