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The Diagnostic Value of CSF Tumor Necrosis Factor-α for Early Diagnosis of Bacterial Meningitis
So Young Park, Soo Ja Hwang, Eun Ae Park, Jung Wan Seo, Seung Joo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(8):1078-1083.   Published online August 15, 1998
Purpose : During the course of bacterial meningitis, TNF-α produced by macrophages and monocytes in response to LPS and other inflammatory and immune stimulation, is now recognized as a primary mediator in the pathogenesis of infection, injury and inflammation and in the process of host defence. TNF-α was increased vascular permeability by inducing morphologic and structural changes of endothelial cells...
A Clinical Study on Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections by Adenovirus in Children
Ui Chong Chong, Mi Ran Kim, Dug Ha Kim, Hae Ran Lee, Chong Young Park, Han Sung Kim, Kyu Man Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(8):1070-1077.   Published online August 15, 1998
Purpose : This study was performed to characterize the epidemiologic and clinical features of acute adenoviral lower respiratory tract infections. Methods : Culture and indirect immunofluorescence for adenovirus was done with nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections from April to September, 1996. Cultured virus was serotyped for type 3, 4, and 7a by neutralization test, and medical...
Iron Deficiency and Feeding Practices in Infants and Young Children
Kue Sook Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, Young Yoo, Shin Na Kim, Soon Ki Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(8):1060-1069.   Published online August 15, 1998
A Study for Causes of Death in Korean Children
Ha Baik Lee, Jun Hee Sul, Young Yull Koh, Jong Wan Kim, Young Jin Hong, Nam Su Kim, Myung Ik Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(8):1047-1059.   Published online August 15, 1998
Purpose : Analyzing of the causes of childhood death will provide us with the basis to understand prevalent diseases and to make the best possible health plan according to the studies. The National Statistical Office(NSO) of Korea has released an annual report of nationwide death. However, it could have underestimated the death toll of children because of delayed or missing...
A Case of Successful Treatment of Pulmonary Alveolar Hemorrhage with Plasmapheresis in Child with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Jae Hong Min, Kyung Hoon Paek, Kyung Mi Park, Jin Soon Hwang, Jung Sue Kim, Il Soo Ha, Hae Il Cheong, Kyou Seup Han, Yong Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):974-978.   Published online July 15, 1998
Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Pulmonary hemorrhage is a rare but possibly fatal complication of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). We report a case of massive pulmonary hemorrhage in a 14-year-old boy recently diagnosed as SLE. He developed massive pulmonary hemorrhage during the courses of i.v. methylprednisolone pulse therapy, and did not respond to i.v. cyclophosphamide. However, he rapidly...
Use of Erythema as An Interpreting Index of the Skin Prick Test
Ji Eun Lee, Jeong Hee Kim, Dae Hyun Lim, Sei Woo Chung, Byong Kwan Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):966-973.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : There are many methods to interpret the skin prick test which has been commonly used to find out the causative allergen in allergic disease. Among them two are most frequently used. One is to measure the absolute size of wheal which is caused by the allergen and the other is to compare the size of wheal for allergen...
Serum Leptin Concentrations in Korean Children
Yon Ho Choe, Soon Ki Kim, Young Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):960-965.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : Leptin is the product of the ob gene secreted by adipocyte. This study investigated whether leptin concentrations were elevated in obese children and the relationship between leptin concentrations and gender, and age in Korean children. Methods : We measured serum concentrations of leptin in 124 subjects(10 to 18 years, 62 girls and 62 boys). Height, weight, obesity index, and...
Serum Leptin Levels in Obese Children
Kyoung Ah Ha, Il Ran Kim, Mi Jung Park, Jae Heon Kang, Churl Young Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):953-959.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : Leptin is a protein encoded by the ob gene that is expressed in adipocytes. It regulates eating behavior by the action to the satiety centers in the hypothalamus. In ob/ob mouse, adipocytes can not produce leptin because of a mutation in the ob gene which results in obesity. Whereas, leptin concentrations were elevated in obese adults, and leptin...
Molecular Genetic Diagnosis in Korean Patients with Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fiber(MERRF) Syndrome
Tae-Sung Ko, Sang-Ahm Lee, Gheeyoung Choe, Han-Wook Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):941-952.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fiber(MERRF) syndrome is a disease of the mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, characterized by progressive myoclonus(action), epilepsy, cerebellar ataxia, intention tremor, muscle weakness, progressive dementia, sensorineural hearing loss and optic atrophy. Its inheritance is maternally inherited mitochondrial mutation, and its pathologic finding is characterized by ragged red fibers(RRF). Biochemically its defects are diverse. This study was...
Developmental Morphology of the Atrial Venous Component in the iv/iv Mouse
Young-Hwue Kim, Yong-Soo Yun, Jeong-Wook Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):931-940.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : Developmental processes of atria in embryos or fetuses of the iv/iv mouse were studied to find the differences between right and left atrial chambers and to identify the characteristics of atrial isomerism in the abnormal laterality syndrome. Methods : Seventy-three embryos from SI/Col iv/iv mice(Jackson's laboratory, USA) or fetuses at the 10th-13th day were used. They were examined using...
Clinical Studies of Intractable Diarrhea During Infancy
Jae Hong Park, Cheol Hong Kim, Eui Jun Yang, Sang Wook Park, Sang Wook Nam
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):923-930.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : Intractable diarrhea during infancy is one of the major causes of infant mortality. But, its etiology, clinical courses, or methods of treatment are not well known. Therefore, we conducted a clinical approach to intractable diarrhea during infancy. Methods : We have retrospectively evaluated clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, methods of treatment, days required for recovery, in 23 infants who were...
Optimal Number of Blood Cultures and Volume of Blood Needed to Detect Bacteremia in Children
Jong Jae Kim, Cheol Am Kim, Sang Ho Baik, Eui Tak Oh, Hong Ja Kang, Kil Seo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):917-922.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : We compared pathogen recovery rates by obtaining two blood cultures instead of one blood culture containing 1ml and collecting a larger volume, 1 to 3ml. Methods : Total of 750 blood specimens from 250 patients with fever, a temperature higher than 39℃ and suspected bacteremia were obtained. Each patient had two samples of blood, A(1ml) and B(4ml), obtained at...
The Effect of Measles Vaccination Before Turning 1 Year-old on the Measles Antibody Response to Immunization with MMR
Soo Jung Choi, Young Jae Koh, Young Mo Soh, Hoan Jong Lee, Sung Hee Oh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):909-916.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : With the implementation of measles vaccination programs, the number of patients with measles has decreased. However, epidemics still occur with high morbidity in infants less than 1 year of age. This fact calls for the establishment of optimal preventive measures against measles. The study was carried out to determine the effect of measles vaccination on an infant immunized...
C-Reactive Protein and Duration of Antibiotic Therapy in Neonatal Bacterial Infection
Jae Il Yoo, Jin Hwa Jeong, Jeong Ho Lee, Jong Dae Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):901-908.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : To determine whether C-reactive protein(CRP) can be used as a parameter to assess the safety of discontinuing antibiotic therapy and allows a shorter course of therapy in neonates treated for suspected bacterial infection. Methods : We have experienced 193 cases of suspected neonatal bacterial infection at Pusan Maryknoll Hospital. CRP levels were measured daily by immunonephelometry. Infants with initial...
Compatibility of Neonatal Parenteral Nutrient Solutions with Commonly Used Drugs during Y-site Delivery in NICU
Ju Hun Choi, Kyong Ju Jeong, Ha Ryung Cho, Dong Soo Yim, Seung Ki Choi, Kyu Hyung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):893-900.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : Because vascular access sites in neonates are limited, intravenous(IV) medications must often be mixed with maintenance fluids, including parenteral nutrient(PN) solutions. This study was done to determine whether IV medications commonly prescribed in the neonatal in- tensive care unit(NICU) are compatible with the two neonatal PN solutions. Methods : The compatibility of neonatal PN solutions and selected other drugs...
Domonstration of in vivo and in vitro Changes of T Helper Lymphocytes by Using Cytokine Flow Cytometry
Yeom Kim, Youn Soo Hahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):883-892.   Published online July 15, 1998
Type I Vitamin D Dependent Rickets
Soo Ja Hwang, Jung Soo Kim, Hae Il Cheong, Yong Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(7):877-882.   Published online July 15, 1998
Purpose : Vitamin D dependent rickets(VDDR) is a rare, autosomal recessively transmitted disorder characterized by hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, increased alkaline phosphatase, secondary hyperparathyroidism and many other clinical features. Type Ⅰ VDDR arises from primary deficiency in the renal 1α-hydroxylase that produces 1,25(OH)2D3. So patients with type I VDDR require life long administration of vitamin D. Methods : There had been 6 children(4...
Immunologic Alterations of Peripheral Mononuclear Cells by Intravenous Immunoglobulin in the Acute Stage of Kawasaki disease
Ji-Whan Han, Kyung-Yil Lee, Kyong-Su Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):813-824.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : High dose intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) therapy is effective in reducing the incidence of coronary artery aneurysm in Kawasaki disease(KD) patients, however, the precise mechanisms by which IVIG reverses the immune activation is unknown. Methods : The sera and peripheral mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were obtained from 10 KD patients in the acute stage(24 hrs before) and 24 hrs after one dose of IVIG(2g/kg) treatment. We measured...
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody in Kawasaki Disease
Soh-Yeon Kim, So Young Kim, Wonbae Lee, Kyong Su Lee, Ji-Min Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):808-812.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA) has been identified in various disorders including Wegener' s granulomatosis, microscopic polyarteritis and Kawasaki disease. Measuring this antibody has a diagnostic role. It facilitates monitoring disease activity and may also help understand the pathogenesis of the diseases in which it is found. We investigated the correlation between the hematologic findings and ANCA in acute Kawasaki disease and the diagnostic potential...
Pollen Allergy in Children(Ⅱ) : The Significance of Tree Pollen As a Causative Allergen in Children with Allergic Diseases
Soo-Young Lee, Jeong-Soe Park, Ki-Sun Lee, Chang Ho Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):799-807.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : The positive rates of allergy skin test of pollens are relatively higher in children in Suwon compared to other areas in Korea. To evaluate the significance of tree pollen as a causative allergen, we undertook this study. Methods : In 252 children with asthma, scratch tests were done with 72 extracts, including 9 tree pollen. Antigen specific serum IgE antibodies were measured...
Abnormalities of Hypothalamic-Pituitary MR Imaging and Pituitary Function in Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency
Hun-Gy Kim, Han-Wook Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):791-798.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : In this study, efforts have been made to evaluate the sella MRI in 14 patients with growth hormone deficiency to define more clearly the structural abnormalities of the hypothalamohypophyseal axis, examine frequency of these abnormalities, and determine whether a relationship exists between the sella MRI findings and types of endocrine dysfunction. Methods : Sella MRI was performed in 14 patients who were...
Serum Leptin Levels in Children with Obesity
Byung Churl Lee, Moon Young Song, Byung Kyu Suh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):785-790.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : The identification of the ob gene and its adipocyte-specific protein leptin has provided the first physiologic links to the regulatory system controlling body weight. In adults, elevations of serum leptin concentrations correlated closely with the percentage of body fat. This study investigated whether leptin concentrations were elevated in obese children, and the relationship between leptin concentrations and gender and pubertal stage. Methods :...
Immunomodulation Therapy in Aplastic Anemia : Relapse Rate, Complications and Long-term Survival During Follow-up for More than 1 Year
Jun Ah Lee, Hyoung Jin Kang, Hyo Jeong Han, Hyoung Soo Choi, Eun Sun Yoo, Hee Young Shin, Joong Gon Kim, Hyo Seop Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):775-784.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : We evaluated the response to immunomodulation therapy, long-term survival and relapse rate of aplastic anemia during follow-up for more than 1 year. Methods : Twenty-eight children, with moderate to severe aplastic anemia were followed for more than one year and 7 children expired after therapy, were analyzed. Antilymphocyte globulin(ALG) or antithymocyte globulin(ATG) by itself was given to 27 patients, and cyclosporine A(CsA)...
Clinical Characteristics of Complex Partial Seizures : a Temporal versus a Frontal Lobe Onset
Joon Soo Lee, Jae Hyun Park, Chang Jun Coe
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):769-774.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : This study was performed to correlate clinical behaviours with either a temporal or frontal site of origin and then to identify behaviours that might have a significant practical value in differentiating a temporal from a frontal focus and thus reduce the need for invasive monitoring. Methods : We analysed 129 seizures that occured during video-EEG monitoring in 13 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE)...
The Role of Apoptosis in Adriamycin Induced Cardiotoxicity and Preventive Effect of L-carnitine in Rat
Young Mi Hong, Seung Sook Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):760-768.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : Adriamycin is very important in cancer chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the drug shows cumulative dose dependent cardiotoxicity. The precise mechanism of this remains unclear. It has been shown that adriamycin induces programmed cell death or apoptosis in many tissues. But the role of apoptosis in adriamycin induced cardiotoxicity is uncertain. Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups of ten animals each. All...
Seroepidemiolgy of Cytomegalovirus in Taejon, Korea, in 1966
Kyung-Yil Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):754-759.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : The prevalence of cytomegalovirus(CMV) depends mainly on socioeconomic status. It is well noted that the prevalence of hepatitis A which is a representive agent of the fecal-oral route has changed since the last 10-20 years. In order to evaluate the time of primary CMV infection in childhood and to get help for interpretating the patterns of infection and prevention, we studied the...
The Study of Transplacental Transfer of Immunoglobulin G in Premature Infants
Sung Soo Moon, Yoon Ki Kang, Soo Chul Cho, Jung Soo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):747-753.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : Premature infants have low serum immunoglobulin G(IgG) levels because IgG is transplacentally acquired, primarily after 32-34 weeks of gestational age. We studied the transplacental transfer of serum IgG in preterm infants. Methods : The IgG levels in the sera were measured by radial immunodiffusion method(Behring nephelometer, Germany). Results : There was a significant difference between IgG concentration and gestational age; the IgG concentration increased...
Effect of Oral Administration of Cholestylamine with Phototherapy in the Treatment of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Myung Ho O, Jay Gun Sim, Kee Hyuck Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):741-746.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : Cholestylamine has been shown to release chloride ion and absorbs bile acid in the intestine, forming a nonabsorbable complex preventing enterohepatic circulation. The purpose of this study is to clarify the value of cholestylamine and the adequate dosage, in combination with phototherapy, as well as to confirm whether it shorten the duration of hospitalization. Methods : Total 80 full-term neonates with a...
Effects of Patent Ductus Arteriosus on Right Ventricle in Premature Infants : by M-mode and Doppler Echocardiography
Eun Jeung Kim, Eun Sil Lee, Young Hwan Lee, Son Moon Shin, Jeong Ok Hah
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):734-740.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : Patent ductus arteriosus, derived left to right shunt flows, elevate the pulmonary artery pressure in infants and children and may alter right ventricular afterload thereby right ventricular function. Therefore, we examined the effects of patent ductus arteriosus on the right ventricular systolic time interval in premature infants by non-invasive Doppler echocardiography. Methods : Tweleve premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus were studied...
The Study of Serum Troponin I and CK-MB in the Acute Stage of Kawasaki Disease
Minshik Kim, Yoonae Chun, Youngok Lee, Namji Cho, Kyungsook Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(5):695-700.   Published online May 15, 1998
Purpose : The pathogensis and etiologic agents are still unknown but clinical studies suggest that Kawasaki disease(KD) is an autoimmune disease caused by infectious agents associated with the early development of acute myocarditis and coronary artery abnormalities. The study investigates serum troponin I(cTnI) and creatine kinase(CK)-MB in the acute stage of KD before diagnosis the use of intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) treatment...
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