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Original Article
A comparative study on iron deficiency anemia based on feeding patterns of nine-month-old infants
Hyun Jin Yun, Eun Jeong Choi, Eun Jin Choi, Su Young Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(8):820-826.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : This study was conducted to evaluate the red cell indices and frequency of iron deficiency anemia based on the feeding patterns of nine-month-old infants. Methods : Blood tests were performed on 253 nine-month-old infants, who visited Il Sin Christian Hospital for health check- ups from January to December 2007. Their parents answered telephonic questions regarding their feeding patterns...
Growth and clinical efficacy of fortified human milk and premature formula on very low birth weight infants
Heewon Chueh, Myo Jing Kim, Young-A Lee, Jin-A Jung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(7):704-712.   Published online July 15, 2008
Purpose : A prospective, controlled trial was conducted to evaluate growth, efficacy, safety and nutritional status for very low birth weight infants fed with human milk fortified with Maeil human milk fortifier (Maeil HMF ; Maeil Dairies Co., Ltd.). Methods : We enrolled 45 premature infants with a birth weight <1,500 g and gestational age <33 weeks, who were born at...
Review Article
Changes in birth rates of low birth weight and premature infants in Korea over the past 7 years
Min Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(3):233-236.   Published online March 15, 2008
In recent years, Korea has experienced a steadily declining birth rate, which is a serious social problem in the country. Although living conditions have improved, the birth rates for low birth weight infants and preterm babies has increased because more and more women choose to give birth later in life and the social environment has changed. The rise in low...
Original Article
Factors influencing birth weight premature infants
Ji A Aum, Hee Jin Jung, Jae Won Huh, Su Young Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(10):954-958.   Published online October 15, 2007
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing premature infants who are small for their gestational ago. Methods : The medical records of 1,010 premature infants of 26 to 35 weeks of gestational age born at Il-Sin Christian Hospital, Busan from January 2000 to August 2006 were reviewed. We collected data on gestational age, birth weight, infant...
Platelet count and mean platelet volume in low birth weight infants (≤2,000 g) with sepsis
Wan-soo Lee, Jin-young Cho, Seung-taek Yoo, Chang-woo Lee, Doo-young Choi, Jong-duck Kim, Yeon-kyun Oh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):643-648.   Published online July 15, 2007
Purpose : Sepsis is a common complication in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU), seen especially in low birth weight (LBW) infants. A recent study showed that fungal or gram-negative sepsis is associated with a greater degree of thrombocytopenia than is seen with gram-positive sepsis. So, this study was undertaken to examine the platelet counts and platelet indices in LBW infants...
Fluconazole prophylaxis in high-risk, very low birth weight infants
Soo Young Kim, Soon Joo Lee, Mi Jeong Kim, Eun Song Song, Young Youn Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):636-642.   Published online July 15, 2007
Purpose : Fluconazole prophylaxis for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants has been shown to reduce invasive fungal infection and its mortality. This study aims to evaluate the effect of fluconazole prophylaxis in VLBW infants on the incidence and mortality of fungal infection. Methods : VLBW infants with endotracheal intubation and central vascular access admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care...
Immune responses of hepatitis B vaccination among very low birth weight infant
Young-Deuk Kim, Myung-Ki Han, Ai-Rhan E. Kim, Ki-Soo Kim, Soo-Young Pi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(8):857-863.   Published online August 15, 2006
Purpose : To evaluate the immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine among very low birth weight infants(VLBWI) who were vaccinated at 0, 1, 6 months of chronological age and to determine the factors associated with antibody formations. Methods : A total of 243 VLBWI admitted to Seoul and Gangneung Asan Medical Center neonatal intensive care units from 1997 to 2004 were...
Outcomes and Management of Fetal Infants with Birth Weight Below 500 g at a Tertiary Center
Yun Sil Chang, Yu Jin Kim, Soo Hyun Koo, Jang Hoon Lee, Jong Hee Hwang, Chang Won Choi, Jae Won Shim, Sung Shin Kim, Sun Young Ko, Eun Kyung Lee, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(9):939-945.   Published online September 15, 2005
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to report outcome of fetal infants with birth weight below 500 g known as lower limit of viability and to evaluate treatment characteristics and short-term morbidity of their survivors. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of all fetal infants with birth weight below 500 g who were delivered at Samsung Medical...
Clinical Lecture
Benign Arrhythmias in Infants and Children
Jae Kon Ko
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(1):1-5.   Published online January 15, 2005
Pediatricians often encounter some electrocardiographic abnormalities in infants and children. However, treatment or referral to pediatric cardiologist is not indicated for all arrhythmias. Many of them are benign in nature. Benign arrhythmias can be defined as the arrhythmias that no serious problem currently exists and no treatment is needed. The prognosis of benign arrhythmias is so good that the condition...
Original Article
Antithrombin III in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Premature Infants
Su Jin Cho, Hye Ryung Choi, Young Mi Hong, Kyung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Eun Ae Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(7):740-745.   Published online July 15, 2004
Purpose : We evaluated the diagnostic implications and therapeutic efficacy of antithrombin III(AT III) in the disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC) of premature infants. Methods : Ninety-two premature infants diagnosed with DIC and treated with AT III from March, 2000 to May, 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical manifestations, complete blood counts, coagulation tests, and AT III levels were compared between the two groups...
Survival Rate in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Jae Ju Cho, Soon Bum Lee, Woo Sung Park, Young Pyo Chang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(5):505-509.   Published online May 15, 2004
Purpose : We observed changes in the outcome of very low birth weight infants(VLBWI) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) of Dankook University Hospital(DKUH) in the last six years. Methods : The distribution of birth weight and gestational age, survival rate, neonatal complications, and causes of death for 228 VLBWI who had been admitted to DKUH from 1st January...
The Effect of Parenteral Nutrition and Respiratory Distress Syndrome in the Early Neonatal Period on Bone Mineralization at the Time of Reaching 2 kg Body Weight in Premature Infants
Yun-Jin Lee, Su-Eun Park, Jae-Hong Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(4):368-372.   Published online April 15, 2004
Purpose : To evaluate the effect of parenteral nutrition in early neonatal period on bone mineralization at the time of reaching 2 kg body weight in premature infants, bone mineral density(BMD) in infants who received long-term parenteral nutrition in the early neonatal period was measured and compared with infants who received enteral nutrition only. Methods : Twenty low birth weight infants(those...
Erratum
A Clinical Approach to Failure to Gain Weight in Infants
Jin-Bok Hwang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(4):355-361.   Published online April 15, 2004
Failure to thrive is a term used to describe growth failure in infants and young children that may be accompanied by retarded social and motor achievements. The three categories of failure to thrive is based on anthropometric measurements of weight, length, and head circumference for age. Type 1 category, inadequate growth or loss of body weight with relatively normal height...
Original Article
Risk Factors of Nephrocalcinosis in Very Low Birth Weight(VLBW) Infants
Gyu Hong Shim, Jin A Lee, Yun Jung Shin, Ee Kyung Kim, June Dong Park, Beyong Il Kim, Jung Hwan Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(3):275-281.   Published online March 15, 2004
Purpose : Nephrocalcinosis in very low birth weight(VLBW) infants were known to be caused by a longer duration of furosemide use. However, etiologies, pathogenesis and risk factors remain unclear. Therefore, we examined the incidence and risk factors of nephrocalcinosis in VLBW infants retrospectively. Methods : Inborn babies of birth weights less than 1,500 gm were examined retrospectively. Data were reviewed on...
The Effect of Histologic Chorioamnionitis on the Development of Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Chronic Lung Disease in Preterm Infants
Heui seung Jo, Beyong Il Kim, Chang Won Choi, Jun Dong Park, Chong Jai Kim, Jung-Hwan Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(2):150-156.   Published online February 15, 2004

Purpose: Histologic chorioamnionitis may play a role in the development of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) and chronic lung disease(CLD) independently or through its association with preterm birth. We investigated the relationship between histologic chorioamnionitis and clinical complications including, RDS and CLD, of preterm infants. Methods: Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 478 preterm infants(gestational period≤34 weeks) who were admitted to the neonatal...
Change in the Limit of Viability of Fetal Infants
Chang Won Choi, Jong Hee Hwang, Jae Won Shim, Sung Sin Kim, Sun Young Ko, Eun Kyung Lee, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(12):1194-1199.   Published online December 15, 2003
Purpose : To determine the change in the limit of viability in fetal infants and the incidence of major complications in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) at Samsung Medical Center(SMC). Methods : Sevety-three infants weighing less than 800 g at birth and 117 infants born earlier than 27 weeks gestational age, who were admitted to NICU at SMC between November 1994...
Changes of Neutrophil Count in Peripheral Blood of the Neonate with Periventricular Leukomalacia
Hwan Seok Lee, Kyung Pil Park, Heng Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(10):966-971.   Published online October 15, 2003
Purpose : It is now well established that infection and inflammation play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain damage. The loss of neutrophils from systemic circulation is an associated finding in injury mediated by granulocyte. Periventricular leukomalacia(PVL) caused by ischemia is the principal form of brain injury in premature infants. This study was conducted to evaluate whether...
Complications and Perinatal Factors According to the Birth Weight Groups in the Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Kyung-Ran Son, Hee-Jo Back, Chang-Yee Cho, Young-Youn Choi, Tae-Bok Song, Chun-Hak Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(5):447-453.   Published online May 15, 2003
Purpose : This study was performed to compare complications and perinatal factors according to the birth weight groups in the infants of diabetic mothers(IDM). Methods : Three hundred and one singleton diabetic mothers and their babies of more than 30 weeks' gestational age admitted in the department of Pediatrics, Chonnam University Hospital from January 1996 to March 2002 were enrolled....
Urinary Tract Infections in Febrile Infants under Three Months of Age
Byung Wook Eun, Yoo Mi Chung, Hee Gyung Kang, Il Soo Ha, Hae Il Cheong, Hoan Jong Lee, Yong Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(3):265-270.   Published online March 15, 2003
Purpose : To characterize the infants under 3 months of age with urinary tract infections(UTIs), and especially patients with bacteremia or meningitis Methods : Hospital records of all the infants under 3 months of age discharged from our hospital for 69 consecutive months with the diagnosis of initial episode of UTI were reviewed. UTI was defined when patients had fever with...
Total Parenteral Nutrition-associated Cholestasis in Premature Infants
Kyung Pil Park, Se Young Kim, Heng Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(1):17-23.   Published online January 15, 2003
Purpose : Cholestasis is a major complication in prolonged use of TPN, especially in the neonatal period, but there are few long-term reviews examining the clinical course in premature infants. Thus, in this study, we reviewed premature infants with TPN-associated cholestasis(TPNAC) to determine the incidence, clinical courses and possible risk factors. Methods : Retrospective review of 66 premature infants less than...
Comparison of Rehospitalization during the First Year of Life in Normal and Low Birth Weight Infants Discharged from NICU
Sae Ah Min, Myung Won Jeon, Sun Hee Yu, Oh Kyung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(12):1503-1511.   Published online December 15, 2002
Purpose : Although the short- and long-term outcomes of low birth weight(LBW) neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) survivors have been extensively studied, much less information is available for normal birth weight(NBW) infants(greater than 2,500 gm) who require NICU care. Methods : We retrospectively examined the neonatal hospitalizations and one year health status of 302 NBW and 131 LBW admissions to our...
A Study on Central Vein Cannulation Using Audible Doppler Guidance in Children and Infants
Young Joon Ahn, Jin Young Jung, Soo-Jong Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(9):1120-1125.   Published online September 15, 2002
Purpose : Percutaneous cannulation of the central vein in children and infants may be technically difficult and can cause serious complications. There are many techniques to improve the success rate and to decrease the complications in central vein cannulation. This study was undertaken to determine whether audible Doppler guidance can help operators improve the results of central vein cannultion in...
A Clinical Characteristics of Systemic Candidiasis in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit : Comparison with Systemic Bacterial Infection
Jung Hwa Lim, Kyung Pil Park, Jin Kyung Kim, Heng Mi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(7):847-854.   Published online July 15, 2002
Purpose : Long term hospitalized infants in neonatal intensive care units(NICUs) are prone to systemic infection. It is important to differentiate systemic candidiasis from systemic bacterial infection early in the course. Thus, in this study, we have compared clinical characteristics of systemic candidiasis and systemic bacterial infection, in premature low birth weight infants. Methods : Retrospective chart review of the medical...
The Clinical and Prognostic Survey of The Preterm Infants Delivered from Pregnancy-induced Hypertension Mothers
Seoung Pyo Han, Sang Kee Park, Chang Hoon Song, Jong Park, Kyoung Sim Kim, Young Youn Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(1):64-71.   Published online January 15, 2002
Purpose : This study was undertaken to review the clinical and hematologic findings of the preterm infants delivered from pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH) mothers. Methods : The data were collected by reviewing the medical records on the current prognosis of preterm birth and sending questionnaires on the status of NICU. We reviewed the medical records from two university hospitals and two resident training hospitals in...
Comparison of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response in Normal Infants, Male and Female, Right and Left Ear
Soo Jin Han, Soo Shin Cho, Kang Ho Cho, EeIl Ryoo, Gwang Hoon Lee, Ho Joon Im, Kye Hwan Seol, Gil Hyun Kim, Hak Soo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(11):1243-1248.   Published online November 15, 2001
Purpose : Brainstem auditory evoked response(BAER) is used as screening test for hearing disorders, damages of the central nervous system and congenital anomalies. We studied the difference values according to gender and stimulation sites in normal full-term infants. Methods : We performed BAER in 38 male and 28 female normal full-term infants, delivered in the Gil Medical Center, Gachen Medical School,...
M-mode Echocardiographic Abnormalities in Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(8):881-885.   Published online August 15, 2001
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate M-mode echocardiographic abnormalities in infants of relatively well controlled diabetic mothers and to determine the timing of spontaneous regression. Methods : Echocardiographic study was prospectively carried out in 9 neonates born to diabetic mothers(infants of diabetic mothers, IDM) and 6 newborn infants(control) matched for weight and age. And the study were...
Usefulness of Serum Prealbumin Concentration as a Marker for Nutritional Adequacy in Premature Infants
Soo Jin Lee, Eun Ae Park, Jeong Wan Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(8):867-874.   Published online August 15, 2001
Purpose : Serum prealbumin concentration has been proposed as a useful nutritional marker that responds rapidly and sensitively to calory and protein intake. But the reports of prealbumin in premature infants are not sufficient and variable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of serum prealbumin concentration as a marker for nutritional adequacy in premature infants. Methods...
Changes in Incidence of Infantile Transient Methemoglobinemia Associated with Infectious Diarrhea during 1989-1999 in Kyungnam Province
Young Suk Kim, Eun-A Kim, Jae-Young Lim, Myoung-Bum Choi, Chan-Hoo Park, Hyang-Ok Woo, Byung-Kiu Park, Hee-Shang Youn, Yang-Suk Jung, Dong-Jin Lee, Jung Hee Kim, Eun Jeong Kim, Chul Kyu Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1569-1576.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : Infantile transient methemoglobinemia(ITM) may develop in association with infectious diarrhea without exposure to any toxic oxidizing agents. We observed that the number of ITM associated with infectious diarrhea have increased at the Gyeongsang National University Hospital (GNUH), located in the western area of Kyungnam province during the last 4 years. To determine whether this phenomenon was similarily observed...
Effectiveness of Polaroid Photoscreening for Amblyogenic Fctors in Infants & Young Children
Su Mi Ihn, Sang Hyun Byun, Hang Jin Cho, Byung Mu Min
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1380-1385.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : Amblyopia is the commonest cause of defective vision in childhood. It develops during the sensitive period of visual maturation which continues until about 7-8 years of age. The authors investigated the effect of a polaroid photoscreening camera designed to detect amblyogenic factors, including asymmetric and abnormal refractive errors, strabismus, ptosis and media opacities. Methods : Fifty-four children aged...
The Effect of Massage on Premature Infants
Hee Sook Son, Jae Woo Lim, Kyuchul Choeh, Chang Soo Ra, Hark Hee Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(8):1046-1051.   Published online August 15, 2000
Purpose : To determine the effects of massage therapy on growth, development, hormones, immune function, hepatic function, hematopoietic function and sleep pattern of preterm infants. Methods : Thirty-one preterm infants of less than 35 weeks gestational age, who were admitted to Eulji Medical College Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between August 1998 and May 1999, and were in the state without mechanical ventilation or...
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