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Original Article

High-dose methylprednisolone and tocilizumab improve survival of patients with high-risk pediatric acute necrotizing encephalopathy

Chaonan Fan, Fei Li, Kechun Li, Zheng Li, Yiyang Mao, Lijuan Wang, Gang Liu, Yingchao Liu, Quan Wang, Suyun Qian

Background: Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare but devastating neurological disorder in children that is typically triggered by viral infections such as influenza, sudden acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and human herpesvirus-6. ANE is characterized by cytokine storm and associated with high mortality; however, optimal immunomodulatory strategies remain undefined.
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of multiple immunomodulatory strategies, including high-dose methylprednisolone (MP), plasma exchange (PLEX), and tocilizumab, at reducing short-term...

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2025.01431 [Accepted]

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