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Original Article
The Clinical Types and Characteristics of Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Children
Eun Gyong Yoo, Hye Jung Shin, Duk Hi Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1591-1598.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : Diabetic children should be classified into type 1 or 2 for adequate diabetic control. However, there is a shortage of information of the appropriate criteria in Korea. This study is desinged to discover the clinical types and characteristics of diabetes mellitus(DM) in Korean children. Methods : We studied the clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of 177 diabetic children. Classification...
High-Resolution Computed Tomography(HRCT) Findings of the Lung in Asthmatic Children and Their Correlation with Clinical Characteristics
Do Kyun Kim, Yang Park, Young Yull Koh, Jung Eun Chun, Woo Sun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1583-1590.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : The purposes of this study were to determine the abnormal high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) findings of the lung in uncomplicated asthmatic children, to compare the clinical characteristics between normal and abnormal HRCT finding groups and to correlate abnormal HRCT findings with clinical characteristics, especially FEV1 and PC20. Methods : Forty asthmatic children were studied. Inspiratory and expiratory HRCT scans were...
The Changes of Apoptosis and Viability in Stem Cells after Thawing with Lapse of the Time
Seun Joo Park, Sang Young Bae, Kyung Ha Ryu, Il Tae Whang, Kyung Hyo Kim, Young Mi Hong, Kyung Hee Kim, Keun Lee, Joo Young Seoh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1576-1582.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : Thawed stem cells should be infused as early as possible because delay of infusion leads to decrease of cell viability and formation of DNA clumping. The procedure of 10% Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) removal and a long distance from the thawing location to the patient are the main causes of delay of infusion that results in the loss of cell...
Changes in Incidence of Infantile Transient Methemoglobinemia Associated with Infectious Diarrhea during 1989-1999 in Kyungnam Province
Young Suk Kim, Eun-A Kim, Jae-Young Lim, Myoung-Bum Choi, Chan-Hoo Park, Hyang-Ok Woo, Byung-Kiu Park, Hee-Shang Youn, Yang-Suk Jung, Dong-Jin Lee, Jung Hee Kim, Eun Jeong Kim, Chul Kyu Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1569-1576.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : Infantile transient methemoglobinemia(ITM) may develop in association with infectious diarrhea without exposure to any toxic oxidizing agents. We observed that the number of ITM associated with infectious diarrhea have increased at the Gyeongsang National University Hospital (GNUH), located in the western area of Kyungnam province during the last 4 years. To determine whether this phenomenon was similarily observed...
Etiology and Clinical Features of Severe Acute Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children
Noo Lee Jeon, Bong Seong Kim, Yoo Kyum Kim, Soo-Jong Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1558-1568.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : The purpose of the study is to understand the etiology and clinical features of severe acute viral lower respiratory tract infection(LRI), especially in conjunction with the use of ventilator care and/or with bronchiolitis obliterans. Methods : Etiologic agents and clinical features of severe acute viral LRI were studied from July 1998 through June 1999 in children at Asan Medical...
Effect of Granulocyte-macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor in Neonatal Infection
Il-Young Jo, Sang-Hyun Byun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1552-1557.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : Neutrophils are central to the defences against bacterial infection, and in neonates the number of neutrophils are decreased due to inhibited production and phagocytic function. This induces high mortality rates in infants suffering from neonatal sepsis. Exogenous GM-CSF can increase the number of neutrophils and improve the phagocytic function. To establish the most cost effective dose of exogenous...
A Study on the Effect of the Combined Use of Gentle Ventilation and High-Frequency Ventilation on the Incidence of Chronic Lung Disease
Ji Yeon Baek, Jae Han Kim, Kyung Ae Park, Suk Ho Kang, Man Hoe Hur, Sang Geel Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1544-1551.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : This study was conducted to determine the correlation between the incidence of chronic lung disease and the combined use of gentle ventilation and high-frequency ventilation. Methods : The subject group consisted of 63 very low birthweight infants of less than 1500gm who were born and survived through ventilator treatment in the Fatima neonatal intensive care unit for four...
22q11 Microdeletion and Clinico-Genetic Correlation in CATCH 22 Syndrome
Hong Ryang Kil, Young Ha Lee, Yong Hun Chung, Yong Hun Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1536-1544.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : Deletion of chromosome 22q11 is associated with DiGeorge syndrome, velocardiofacial syndrome, and conotruncal anomaly face syndrome. This study was performed to determine the criteria of clinical phenotype as recognizable syndrome and to research the loss of heterozygosity in CATCH 22 patients and their family. Methods : An evaluation of the clinical and genetic profiles of 30 persons of CATCH...
Intravenous Gamma-globulin Retreatment in Kawasaki Disease
Young Ah Lee, Hyun Kee Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1488-1494.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : This study was designed to determine the outcome and safety of intravenous gamma- globulin(IVGG) retreatment in Kawasaki disease. Methods : A clinical observation of the therapeutic effects, laboratory findings and echocardiograms was carried out on 72 patients with Kawasaki disease in Kosin University Hospital from 1991 to 1999. 27 patients were treated with 1g/kg/day IVGG for 2 days,...
Serum Lipid Levels and Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Rat with Adriamycin Induced Cardiomyopathy
Young Mi Hong, Hye Ran Yoon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1480-1487.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : Adriamycin induced cardiomyopathy is irreversible and may procede to clinical congestive heart failure. Recently, it has been suggested that adriamycin may exert cardiomyopathy due to inhibition of transport across mitochondrial membranes mediated by the carnitine palmitoyltransferase system(CPT I). The effect of adriamycin on fatty acid metabolism according to cumulative dose was not clarified. The purpose of this study...
Clinical Features of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children
Ju Eun Lee, Su Yung Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1473-1479.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : Hemolytic uremic syndrome(HUS) is the most common cause of renal failure in childhood in western countries, but it has been a relatively rare disease in Korea. To analyze the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of HUS in Korea, we reporte our experience. Methods : We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 9 patients who were diagnosed the hemolytic uremic syndrome...
Congenital Chloride Diarrhea in 5 Korean Infants
Dong Hun Rhie, Sun Hwan Bae, Ji Eun Choi, Bo Young Yun, Dong Woo Son, Choong Ho Shin, Kyung Hee Park, Jae Sung Ko, Jeong Kee Seo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1465-1472.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : Congenital chloride diarrhea(CLD) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by life-long watery diarrhea of prenatal onset with high fecal Cl－ concentration. Recent studies have revealed that the protein product of the down-regulated in adenoma(DRA) gene is an intestinal anion transporter molecule and causes CLD when mutated. We investigated the clinical characteristics of CLD in Korean infants in order...
Study of Congenital Mitral Stenosis Cases Requiring Surgical Correction in the First 2-Years of Life
In Seung Park, Young Seok Lee, Mi Young Han, Jae Young Lee, Soo Jin Kim, Do Jun Cho, Mee-Hye Oh, Woong-Han Kim, Young-Tak Lee, Eun Jung Bae, Seong Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1458-1464.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : Congenital mitral stenosis(CMS) is a rare anomaly accounting for 0.4-0.5% of total heart disease. CMS which cases needed surgical correction in infancy are even rare. In this study, we analyzed 11 CMS patients of less than 2 year of age who needed surgical corrections, in order to find out their diagnoses, the characteristics, the results of operation and...
Follow up of Patients with Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in Right Atrial Isomerism
Soo Jin Kim, Jae Young Lee, Mi Young Han, Do Jun Jo, In Seung Park, Mee-Hye Oh, Eun Jung Bae, Seong Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1451-1457.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : Total anomalous venous return(TAPVR) is associated in more than 60% of patients with right isomerism and can significantly complicate the management of single ventricle patients at any stage of management. We studied the results of management and sought to determine factors that may influence survival in patients with TAPVR in right atrial isomerism. Methods : Between February 1991 and...
Clinical Application of Impedance Audiometry in Children with Acute Otitis Media
Jee Sung Hwang, Sung Do Kim, Young-Ho Rah, Chong-Woo Bae
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1446-1450.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : Acute otitis media is one of the most prevalent diseases of childhood and can cause serious complications such as hearing loss. The exact diagnosis is extremely important but may be hard to make because of probabilities of over- and underdiagnosis. We performed impedance audiometry(IA) in routine examinations for acute otitis media and applied it for screening and follow-up...
Short-term Effects of Inhaled Corticosteroid Following Early Systemic Corticosteroid Administration in Premature Babies with Respiratory Distress Syndrome : A Preliminary Report
Hyeon-Soo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1440-1445.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : To asses the short-term effects of the topical corticosteroid, budesonide administered by metered dose inhaler(MDI) and spacer(Aerochamber MV 15) following systemic corticosteroid in premature babies with respiratory distress syndrome at birth. Methods : 19 premature babies <1800gm were randomly assigned to receive steroids(n=9) or not (n=10). The steroid group(n=9, GA[gestational age]=29.6¡¾2.9 weeks, BW[birth weight]=1.29¡¾0.35kg) received systemic dexamethasone for 48...
Effects of Partial Liquid Ventilation on Gas Exchange, Hemodynamics, and Pulmonary Function in Newborn Piglet with Respiratory Distress
Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1430-1439.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : To evaluate gas exchange, hemodynamics and pulmonary function during partial liquid ventilation(PLV) using PFC(perfluorodecalin), compared with conventional gas ventilation in newborn piglets with saline lavage-induced respiratory distress. Methods : In a total of 16 instrumented and ventilated piglets, acute respiratory distress(below 70 mmHg of PaO2 at FiO2 1.0) was induced by repeated saline pulmonary lavage. The piglets were randomized...
Immunologic Characteristics of CATCH 22 Syndrome
Hye Young Ryu, Eun Kyung Jo, Eun Jung Cheon, Hong Ryang Kil, Jae Ho Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1423-1429.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : Microdeletion of chromosome 22q11.2 are associated with DiGeorge syndrome(DGS), velocardiofacial syndrome(VCFS) and conotruncal anomaly face syndrome(CTAFS). DGS was originally described as an immunodeficiency disorder secondary to impaired T cell production due to thymic aplasia or hypoplasia. But the frequency & severity of immunodeficiency of other clinical syndromes associated with the chromosome 22q11 deletion has not been investigated. This...
Tuberculin Reactivity to 2 TU of PPD RT23 Following Intradermal BCG Vaccination in Neonates
Jong Hwa Lee, Sung Hee Oh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(11):1418-1422.   Published online November 15, 2000
Purpose : 2 TU of PPD RT23 has been substituted for 5 TU of PPD RT23 since 1998 in Korea without adequate evaluation. This study was undertaken to evaluate the tuberculin reactivity to 2 TU of PPD RT23 following intradermal BCG vaccination in neonates. The results were compared with the previous report generated with 5 TU of PPD RT23 in...
Effectiveness of Polaroid Photoscreening for Amblyogenic Fctors in Infants & Young Children
Su Mi Ihn, Sang Hyun Byun, Hang Jin Cho, Byung Mu Min
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1380-1385.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : Amblyopia is the commonest cause of defective vision in childhood. It develops during the sensitive period of visual maturation which continues until about 7-8 years of age. The authors investigated the effect of a polaroid photoscreening camera designed to detect amblyogenic factors, including asymmetric and abnormal refractive errors, strabismus, ptosis and media opacities. Methods : Fifty-four children aged...
Study on the Interrelationship of Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases in Inchon City Via Children Who Visited the Emergency Room of Inha University Hospital
Hyun Choi, Dae Hyun Lim, Jung Hee Kim, Byong Kwan Son, Jong Whan Lim, Youn Chol Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1372-1379.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : It is generally accepted that air pollution can cause acute respiratory diseases. This study assessed the relationship between air pollution and development of pediatric respiratory diseases in Inchon city. Methods : We studied a number of pediatric patients who developed respiratory diseases such as bronchial asthma, bronchiolitis, URI, bronchitis and pneumonia and visited the Inha University Hospital emergency room...
Detection Limit of Minimal Residual Disease in Leukemia Using Fluorescence in situ Hybridization
Jung Hyun Lee, So Young Kim, Hyun Hee Kim, Byung Kyu Suh, Wonbae Lee, Kyung Tai Whang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1364-1371.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : The close relationship between the size of a tumor burden and the curability of acute leukemia is well established. Therefore, it is very important to detect residual leukemia accurately at low levels. Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) techniques rely on chromosome-specific and gene specific DNA probes to identify numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities. But the detection limit of FISH...
The Role of Nitric Oxide in Seizures Induced by Pentylenetetrazole
Jun Ho Kim, Doo Kwun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1356-1363.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : Nitric oxide(NO) is a highly reactive messenger molecule that is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase(NOS) in a number of tissues including the brain. Our aim was to examine the possible role of NO on pentylenetetrazole(PTZ)-induced seizure in rats as a proconvulsant or an anticonvulsant. Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-300g were used. PTZ(40mg/kg) was used to induce seizure....
Changes of Peripheral IFN-γ-Producing CD4(＋) and CD4(－) Cell Frequencies in Kawasaki Disease
Joung-Min Eom, Heon-Seok Han, Youn-Soo Hahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1350-1355.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : This study was performed to analyze the frequencies of peripheral IFN-γ-producing cells at the single cell level, and to determine concentrations of circulating interferon-γ(IFN-γ) in the acute and subacute phases of Kawasaki disease(KD). Methods : Ten patients with KD were studied and seven healthy children were selected as control subjects. Using immunofluorescent detection of intracellular IFN-γ in CD4(＋) and...
Early Results of Stent Implantation in Branch Pulmonary Artery Stenosis after Tetralogy of Fallot Repair
Sung Kyu Lee, Sang Hun Lee, Jae Young Lee, Su Jin Kim, Mi Young Han, Do Jun Cho, In Seung Park, Eun Jung Bae, Sung Ho Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1343-1349.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : Pulmonary artery stenosis is mainly complicated by aortopulmonary shunt or total correction of tetralogy of Fallot(TOF). Results of surgical angioplasty are poor and the success rate of balloon angioplasty is 53-72%. Endovascular stents have been applied to these lesions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the early results of stent implantation in postoperative pulmonary artery stenosis...
Molecular Epidemiologic Study of Streptococcus pyogenes Analyzed by T protein Serotyping and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis(PFGE) in Normal Children
Jin Ah Son, Don Hee Ahn, Kyu Jam Hwang, Younghee Lee, Sung-Ho Cha
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1330-1342.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : In this study we tried to look at the spreading, duration of colonization, and acquisition of new streptococci which were obtained in one geographical area, as well as the bacteriologic and molecular epidemiology of normal school children carrying group A streptococci and their clonal relationship through the combined application of the serotype of T antigen and Pulsed Field...
Epidemiologic Characteristics of T Serotyping in Relation to the Outbreak of Erythromycin Resistant Streptococcus pyogenes
Sung-Ho Cha, Kyu Jam Hwang, Young Hee Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1323-1329.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : The identification of antigenic specificity of Streptococcus pyogenes using T serotyping is important to understand biologic characteristics of microorganisms. We would like to disover the association of the occurrence of predominant T type, with possible outbreak of erythromycin resistant Streptococcus pyogenes in this country, which has been documented since the late 1990s. Methods : Throat swab cultures were taken...
Effects of Ductal Closure on Flow Velocities of Peripheral Pulmonary Arteries in Normal Term Infants
Hae-Soon Kim, Se Jeong Sohn, Young Mi Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1318-1322.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : This study was performed to evaluate whether a relationship may exist between transient peripheral pulmonary stenosis and the closure of the ductus arteriosus in term infants. Methods : A total of 69 healthy full-term infants had pulmonary artery and ductal color Doppler flow velocity assessment performed at of 10 hours age(group I), 1-2 days of age(group II), and...
Organic Acid Analysis on Urine Samples Obtaine3d from Dried Filter Paper in Newborns : Development of Screening Method for Organic Aciduria in Newborns
Eun Ha Lee, Si Houn Hahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1311-1317.   Published online October 15, 2000
Purpose : Neonatal screening for inherited metabolic disease is aimed at identifying affected infants early, thus permitting medical intervention to prevent or minimize the effect of the disease. However, organic aciduria, most of which causes severe disease and mental retardation, is not yet screened routinely because of the difficulty of tests, sample collection, and expenditure of time and financial resources....
Health Assessment of Handicapped Children in an Asylum
Eun Ju Lee, Eun Sil Lee, Han Ku Moon, Yong Hoon Park, Son Moon Shin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(9):1263-1268.   Published online September 15, 2000
Purpose : To evaluate the health status of institutionalized handicapped children, a general health assessment was done in an asylum in Taegu in May 1998. Methods : Body measurements, including height, weight, head circumference, skin fold thickness and mid-arm circumference, were done with physical examination on 53 children. Blood tests and chest radiography were done, and fat impedance was measured....
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