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Original Article
Other
Spatial modeling of mortality from acute lower respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age in 2000–2017: a global study
Ali Almasi, Sohyla Reshadat, Alireza Zangeneh, Mehdi Khezeli, Raziyeh Teimouri, Samira Rahimi Naderi, Shahram Saeidi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(12):632-641.   Published online March 19, 2021
Question: We assessed the spatial modeling of mortality from acute lower respiratory infections in children under 5 years old during 2000–2017 using a global data.
Finding: The total number of child deaths during the study period decreased, while the number of hot spots increased among countries.
Meaning: Hot spots were concentrated in Asia in 2000 but shifted toward African countries by 2017. A cold spot formed in Europe over the study period.
Neonatology (Perinatology)
New modified version of the Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery category and mortality in premature infants with critical congenital heart disease
Young Mi Yoon, Seong Phil Bae, Yoon-Joo Kim, Jae Gun Kwak, Woong-Han Kim, Mi Kyoung Song, Seung Han Shin, Ee-Kyung Kim, Han-Suk Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2020;63(10):395-401.   Published online July 15, 2020
Questions: This study aimed to describe the survival of premature infants with critical congenital heart disease (CHD) and to identify the risk factors including the new modified version of the Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery (M-RACHS) associated with mortality.
Finding: For premature infants with critical CHD, survival rate was 76.9% and very low birth weight (VLBW), persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and M-RACHS 5 or more were associated with in-hospital mortality.
Meaning: VLBW, PPHN and BPD, as well as M-RACHS≥5, were risk factors for mortality among premature infants with critical CHD.
Review Article
Other
Review of epidemiological studies on air pollution and health effects in children
Jong-Tae Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(1):3-11.   Published online June 10, 2020
This review summarized the accumulated epidemiologic evidence with emphasis on studies conducted in Korea and heterogeneity in the literature. Based on systematic reviews and meta-analyses, there is consistent evidence on the association between exposure to ambient air pollution and children’s health, especially respiratory health and adverse birth outcomes, and growing evidence on neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Original Article
Critical Care Medicine
Comparative validity of microalbuminuria versus clinical mortality scores to predict pediatric intensive care unit outcomes
Shifa Nismath, Suchetha S. Rao, B.S. Baliga, Vaman Kulkarni, Gayatri M. Rao
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2020;63(1):20-24.   Published online August 12, 2019
Question: Does microalbuminuria predict mortality in pediatric intensive care unit?
Finding: Positive correlation was found between albumin-creatinine ratio and pediatric intensive care unit stay, organ dysfunction and need of inotropes. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for albumin-creatinine ratio was comparable to mortality scores.
Meaning: Microalbuminuria is a good predictor of outcome in pediatric intensive care unit and is comparable with mortality scores.
Clinical features and surgical outcomes of complete transposition of the great arteries
Suk Jin Hong, Hee Joung Choi, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee, Joon Yong Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(10):377-382.   Published online October 29, 2012
Purpose

This single-center study aimed to assess the clinical features and surgical approaches and outcomes of complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA).

Methods

TGA patients who had undergone surgical correction at the Kyungpook National University Hospital from January 2000 to December 2010, were retrospectively evaluated for patient characteristics, clinical manifestation, preoperative management, intraoperative findings, postoperative progress, and follow-up status.

Results

Twenty-eight patients (17 boys...

Review Article
Changes in the neonatal and infant mortality rate and the causes of death in Korea
Sung-Hoon Chung, Yong-Sung Choi, Chong-Woo Bae
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(11):443-455.   Published online November 30, 2011

Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) or infant mortality rate (IMR) are the rate of deaths per 1,000 live births at which babies of either less than four weeks or of one year of age die, respectively. The NMR and IMR are commonly accepted as a measure of the general health and wellbeing of a population. Korea's NMR and IMR fell significantly...

Original Article
Outcomes of small for gestational age micropremies depending on how young or how small they are
Hee Joon Yu, Eun Sun Kim, Jin Kyu Kim, Hye Soo Yoo, So Yoon Ahn, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(6):246-252.   Published online June 30, 2011
Purpose

The outcomes of small for gestational age (SGA) infants especially in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs) are controversial. This study evaluated the mortality and morbidity of ELBWIs, focusing on whether or not they were also SGA.

Methods

The medical records of 415 ELBWIs (birth weight <1,000 g), who were inborn and admitted to the Samsung Medical Center neonatal intensive care unit...

An 18-year experience of tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia
Juhee Seo, Do Yeon Kim, Ai Rhan Kim, Dae Yeon Kim, Seong Chul Kim, In Koo Kim, Ki Soo Kim, Chong Hyun Yoon, Soo Young Pi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(6):705-710.   Published online June 23, 2010
Purpose

To determine the clinical manifestations and outcomes of patients with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) and esophageal atresia (EA) born at a single neonatal intensive care unit.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted for 97 patients with confirmed TEF and EA who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between 1990 and 2007.

Results

The rate of prenatal diagnosis was 12%. The average gestational age...

Effect of severe neonatal morbidities on long term outcome in extremely low birthweight infants
Kyo Yeon Koo, Jeong Eun Kim, Soon Min Lee, Ran Namgung, Min Soo Park, Kook In Park, Chul Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(6):694-700.   Published online June 23, 2010
Purpose

To assess the validity of individual and combined prognostic effects of severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), brain injury, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis (PNAC).

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 80 extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the Severance Children's Hospital, and who survived to a postmenstrual age of...

Effect of hyperglycemia on mortality rates in critically ill children
Seongkuk Kim, Bo Eun Kim, Eun Ju Ha, Mi Young Moon, Seong Jong Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(3):323-328.   Published online March 15, 2010
Purpose : To verify the effect of hyperglycemia on mortality rates in critically ill children and to identify the blood glucose level that influences prognosis. Methods : From July 2006 to June 2008, a total of 206 patients who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at Asan Medical Center and who survived for more than 7 days...
Outcome and risk factors of pediatric hemato-oncology patients admitted in pediatric intensive care unit
Bo Eun Kim, Eun Ju Ha, Keun Wook Bae, Seongguk Kim, Ho Joon Im, Jong Jin Seo, Seong Jong Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(10):1153-1160.   Published online October 15, 2009
Purpose : To evaluate the risk factors for mortality and prognostic factors in pediatric hemato-oncology patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of pediatric hemato-oncology patients admitted at the PICU of the Asan Medical Center between September 2005 and July 2008. Patients admitted at the PICU for perioperative or terminal...
Clinical features and results of recent total anomalous pulmonary venous connection : Experience in a university hospital (Clinical study of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection)
Mi Ae Chu, Byung Ho Choi, Hee Joung Choi, Yeo Hyang Kim, Joon Yong Cho, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(2):194-198.   Published online February 15, 2009
Purpose : Active perioperative intervention and improvement on surgical technique has decreased the mortality rate of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC); however, when complicated with pulmonary venous obstruction, operative mortality is still high. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical course of TAPVC. Methods : Twenty-seven patients who were diagnosed with TAPVC (without other complex heart...
Performance effectiveness of pediatric index of mortality 2 (PIM2) and pediatricrisk of mortality III (PRISM III) in pediatric patients with intensive care in single institution: Retrospective study
Hui Seung Hwang, Na Young Lee, Seung Beom Han, Ga Young Kwak, Soo Young Lee, Seung Yun Chung, Jin Han Kang, Dae Chul Jeong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(11):1158-1164.   Published online November 15, 2008
Purpose : To investigate the discriminative ability of pediatric index of mortality 2 (PIM2) and pediatric risk of mortality III (PRISM III) in predicting mortality in children admitted into the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods : We retrospectively analyzed variables of PIM2 and PRISM III based on medical records with children cared for in a single hospital ICU from January 2003...
Early stress hyperglycemia as independent predictor of increased mortality in preterm infants
Young Sun Wee, Gae Hyun Ahn, Eun Gyong Yoo, In Sook Lim, Kyu Hyung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):474-480.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : Stress hyperglycemia is common in critically ill adult patients. It is known as a predictor of increased mortality, and intensive insulin therapy has been shown to improve the prognosis in such patients. We have investigated the relationship between early stress hyperglycemia and clinical outcomes in preterm infants. Methods : In this study, 141 preterm infants with a gestational age...
Antithrombin-III as an early prognostic factor in children with acute lung injury
Young Seung Lee, Seonguk Kim, Eun Kyeong Kang, June Dong Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(5):443-448.   Published online May 15, 2007
Purpose : To evaluate the potential prognostic value of the antithrombin-III (AT-III) level in the children with acute lung injury (ALI), we analyzed several early predictive factors of death including AT-III level at the onset of ALI and compared the relative risk of them for mortality. Methods : Over a 18-month period, a total of 198 children were admitted to our...
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