Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

Review Article

Nutrition

Exploring nutritional screening tools for hospitalized children: a narrative review

Pankaj Soni, Amit Agrawal, Gaurav Jadon

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(12):963-970. Published online October 22, 2025

Malnutrition is frequently identified in hospitalized children, and the use of nutritional screening tools is crucial for assessing their nutritional status during their hospital admission and stay. Common tools include the Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score, Screening Tool for Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics, and Screening Tool for Risk of Nutritional Status and Growth. However, these tools have varying sensitivities and specificities, and none is recommended for all hospitalized children.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2025.00633

Hematology

Promising role of voxelotor in managing sickle cell disease in children: a narrative review

Amit Agrawal, Gaurav Jadon, Japna Singh, Dalwinder Janjua

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2025;68(2):106-114. Published online November 13, 2024

Voxelotor has promising ability to increase hemoglobin levels and reduce hemolysis markers in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Several preclinical and phase II/III trials have demonstrated its efficacy, dose-dependent responses, and tolerability in children. Ongoing trials are assessing its safety and effectiveness in various populations, including children younger than 12 years. These findings suggest its potential as a disease-modifying drug, warranting further exploration of its role in SCD management.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2024.00500

Cardiology

Heart failure in children and adolescents: an update on diagnostic approaches and management

Amit Agrawal, Dalwinder Janjua, Abdulrahman Ahmed Alsayed Ali Zeyada, Ahmed Taher Elsheikh

Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(4):178-190. Published online June 19, 2023

Web of Science 4 Crossref 7

· Pediatric heart failure (PHF) is a clinical syndrome featuring various symptoms (shortness of breath, ankle swelling, fatigue) and signs (pulmonary crackles, peripheral edema).
· Congenital heart diseases are the most common underlying etiology of PHF, whereas myocarditis and primary cardio-myopathies are common in children without structural ab-normalities.
· PHF pathophysiology is complex and multifactorial and varies by etiology and age.
· PHF management includes decongestive therapy, treatment of underlying causes, preventing progression, and managing pulmonary or systemic obstructions.
· Drugs should be chosen based on pharmacodynamics, clinical manifestations, hemodynamic state, and renal function.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2023.00528

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