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Original Article

HLA‒B*58:01 and skin reactions in pediatric hematology and oncology patients treated with allopurinol

Parisa Maneechai, Cholada Ratanatharathron, Jassada Buaboonnam, Kleebsabai Sanpakit

Question: Does human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–B*58:01 increase the risk of cutaneous reactions in pediatric patients with hematological and oncological diseases receiving allopurinol?
Finding: : Of 108 patients, 17.6% carried HLA–B*58:01 but none developed skin reactions. The only rash occurred in an HLA-B*58:01–negative patient.
Meaning: Short-duration allopurinol may mitigate severe cutaneous adverse reaction risk regardless of genotype. Routine HLA-B*58:01 screening may be unnecessary in pediatric patients with hematological and oncological diseases briefly receiving allopurinol.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2025.01032 [Epub ahead of print]

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