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Review Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Retinopathy of prematurity: a review of epidemiology and current treatment strategies
Eun Hee Hong, Yong Un Shin, Heeyoon Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(3):115-126.   Published online October 12, 2021
There have been global tri-phasic epidemic periods of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). In recent years, its incidence has reportedly been 10%–40% depending on country and study population. Current treatment strategies for ROP include laser photocoagulation, surgical treatment, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, the role of which has drawn attention in recent years.
Original Article
Transforming growth factor-β promoted vascular endothelial growth factor release by human lung fibroblasts
Sang Uk Park, Joo Hwa Shin, Jae Won Shim, Deok Soo Kim, Hye Lim Jung, Moon Soo Park, Jung Yeon Shim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(8):879-885.   Published online August 15, 2008
Purpose : The human lung fibroblast may act as an immunomodulatory cell by providing pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which are important in airway remodeling. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces mucosal edema and angiogenesis. Thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC) induces selective migration of T helper 2 cells. We investigated whether human lung fibroblasts produced VEGF and TARC, and the...
Increased vascular endothelial growth factor in children with acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and wheezing
Young Seo, Byung Keun Yu, Yeon Joung Oh, Yoon Lee, Young Yoo, Ji Tae Choung, Young Yull Koh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):487-491.   Published online May 15, 2008
Purpose : Although Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection can cause wheezing in non-asthmatic children, the mechanisms of this symptom remain unclear. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major mediator of angiogenesis and vascular permeability, and is also known to be elevated in cases of chronic pulmonary disease such as asthma. We hypothesized that VEGF may increase in children with...
Influence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endostatin on coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease
Seon A Kim, Bum Suk Jung, Jong Seo Yoon, Ji Whan Han, Joon Sung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(12):1241-1246.   Published online December 15, 2007

Purpose: Recently, there has been several studies to clarify the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease (KD) and the relations of VEGF and endostatin that act on vascular endothelial cells to the coronary artery complications. In this report, we measured serum levels of VEGF and endostatin in acute and subacute phases of KD to assess the change of these levels and the...
Clinical significance of serum vascular endothelial growth factor in Kawasaki disease
Ho Seok Lee, Sin Weon Yun, Young Soo Jung, Soo Ahn Chae, In Seok Lim, Dong Keun Lee, Eung Sang Choi, Byung Hoon Yoo, Mi Kyung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(10):995-1004.   Published online October 15, 2007
Purpose : Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis, leading cause of pediatric acquired heart disease. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has functions as vascular permeability factor, plays an important role in coronary artery lesion (CAL). We studied the clinical significance of serum VEGF in Kawasaki disease. Methods : Kawasaki group was 49 patients, and control group was 15 patients. Diagnosis followed...
Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-induced Endothelial Cell Differentiation by Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Methylprednisolone
Hyoun Ah Choi, Kyung Hwa Ha, Jong Seo Yoon, Yoon Lee, Joon Sung Lee, Ji Whan Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(8):886-893.   Published online August 15, 2005
Purpose : Kawasaki disease is the most common cause of systemic vasculitis in children less than 5 years of age. Recent immunohistochemistry findings suggest that many vascular growth factors play a role in the formation of the coronary artery lesions. Active remodeling of the coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease continues in the form of intimal proliferation and neoangiogenesis for...
The Effects of Intravenous Immunoglobulin(IVIG) and Methylprednisolone on the mRNAs Expressions of VEGF, VCAM-1 and IL-1β of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells(HUVEC) Stimulated by IL-1β
Soh Yeon Kim, Sun Jeong Lim, Ji Whan Han, Kyung Yil Lee, Joon Sung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(12):1325-1333.   Published online December 15, 2004
Purpose : Kawasaki disease(KD) manifests a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology in young children. Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) and interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β) may play important roles in the pathogenesis of KD. Intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) and methylprednisolone(MP) are therapeutically effective for KD, however, the precise mechanisms of the two drugs are still unknown. We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of...
Clinical Lecture
Pathophysiology of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn
Yong Hoon Jun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(7):707-715.   Published online July 15, 2004
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn(PPHN) is a disorder characterized by persistence of the pattern of fetal circulation after birth due to a sustained elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance. The two primary events in the pathophysiology of neonatal pulmonary hypertension are hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction(HPV) and hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling(HPR). Chronic hypoxemia may cause increased muscularity of the pulmonary arteries and...
Original Article
Hypoxia Induced Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rat Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells
Un Seok Nho, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(2):167-172.   Published online February 15, 2003
5% CO2-95% air atmosphere. The smooth muscle cells were confirmed by immunostaining with smooth muscle myosin and α-smooth muscle actin antibodies. The VEGF gene expression in the hypoxic group was compared with the one in control the group as well as the one in the starved group by RT-PCR and Northern blot hybridization. Results : There was no statistically significant difference...
The Study of Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Acute Febrile Phase of Kawasaki Disease
Minshik Kim, Kyungsook Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(1):114-119.   Published online January 15, 2002
Purpose : Kawasaki Disease(KD) is a febrile disease with acute multisystemic vasculitis associated with early development of acute myocarditis and coronary artery abnormalities. The cause and etiologic agents are still unknown. Clinical studies suggest that KD is one of the autoimmune disorders caused by infectious agent, but this is not proved yet. The study was performed to investigate the levels of vascular endothelial growth...
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