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Distribution of CD4+CD25+ T cells and graft-versus-host disease in human hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Korean Journal of Pediatrics 2008;51(12):1336-1341.
Published online December 15, 2008.
Distribution of CD4+CD25+ T cells and graft-versus-host disease in human hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Dae Hyoung Lee1, Nak Gyun Chung2, Dae Chul Jeong2, Bin Cho2, Hack Ki Kim2
1Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
2Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
사람의 동종 조혈모세포이식에서 CD4+CD25+ T세포의 분포와 이식편대숙주병
이대형1, 정낙균2, 정대철2, 조 빈2, 김학기2
1한림대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실
2가톨릭대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실
Correspondence: 
Bin Cho, Email: chobinkr@catholic.ac.kr
Abstract
Purpose
: This study aimed to determine the frequencies of CD4+CD25+ T cells in donor graft and peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ T cells in recipients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and their association with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
Methods
: Seventeen children who underwent HSCT were investigated. CD4+CD25+ T cells in samples from donor grafts and recipient peripheral blood were assessed by flow cytometry at 1 and 3 months after transplantation.
Results
: CD4+CD25+ T cell frequencies in the grafts showed no significant difference between patients with and without acute GVHD (0.90% vs. 1.06%, P=0.62). Absolute CD4+CD25+ T cell number in grafts were lower in patients with acute GVHD than in those without acute GVHD (6.18×105/kg vs. 25.85×105/kg, P=0.09). Patients without acute GVHD showed a significant decrease in peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ T cell percentage at 3 months compared to those at 1 month after HSCT (2.11% vs. 1.43%, P=0.028). However, in patients with acute GVHD, CD4+CD25+ T cell percentage at 3 months was not different from the corresponding percentage at 1 month after HSCT (2.47% vs. 2.30%, P=0.5).
Conclusion
: The effect of frequencies of CD4+CD25+ T cells in donor grafts on acute GVHD after HSCT could not be identified, and the majority of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ T cells in patients who underwent HSCT may be activated T cells related to acute GVHD rather than regulatory T cells. Further studies with additional markers for regulatory T cells are needed to validate our results.
Key Words: Regulatory T cell, Graft-versus-fost Disease, Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation


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