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Herpes Zoster in Children.

Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 1986;29(12):1324-1333.
Published online December 31, 1986.
Herpes Zoster in Children.
Soon Ki Kim, Hoan Jong Lee, Hyo Seop Ahn
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Seoul National University
소아의 대상포진에 관한 임상적 고찰
김순기, 이환종, 안효섭
서울대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실
Abstract
Herpes zoster, an inflammatory human disease caused by varicella-zoster virus, is characterized by papulovesicular lesions along the distribution of a sensory nerve. Herpes zoster infection, known to be benign in normal children, is more frequent and severe in immunosuppressed patients and is associated primarily with increased morbidity rather than mortality. We analysed retrospectively the clinical manifestations of herpes zoster infections in 34 children, diagnosed clinically, at the Dept, of Pediatrics, SNU Children*s hospital. We also reviewed recent literature of herpes zoster including epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunoprophylaxis and antiviral chemotherapy. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Among 34 children with herpes zoster the ratio of male to female was 1.27 to 1, and 29 cases (85.5%) were immunocompromised hosts having malignancy, or under cytotoxic drugs or steroid therapy. 2) There were no marked seasonal differences in herpes zoster. 3) Among the 17 children, 10(59%) had the past history of varicella. Of 34 patients, recurrence was noted in two. 4) Clinical symptoms were pain & fever in majority, and itching sensation in 43.8%. 5) The cutaneous lesions were most common in the thoracic dermatome (67.7%), and cervical, lumbar, sacral & trigeminal in decreasing frequency. 6) The mean interval from the initiation of the anticancer chemotherapy or irradiation to onset of the zoster was 10 months. 7) Total duration of the skin lesions in the patients treated with acyclovir or vidarabine las 16 days or so, but 26 days in the supportive care group. 8) Complications or combined diseases of herpes zoster were secondary bacterial infection (2 cases), pneumonia(2), meningitis(l), & sepsis(l). But we did not experience mortality due to zoster or its complications.
Key Words: Herpes zoster, Immunocompromised hosts.


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