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Volume 50(3); Mar 2007
Review Articles
Glucose metabolism and evaluation of hypoglycemia in neonates
Eun Young Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):223-229.   Published online March 15, 2007
The fetus is completely dependent on mother for glucose and other nutrient transfer across the placenta. At birth, when the maternal supply is discontinued, the neonate must adjust to an independent existence. The changes in the neonate's glucose homeostasis during this transition to the extrauterine environment are influenced by the mother's metabolism and intrinsic fetal and placental problems. Maturation of...
Calcium and phosphate metabolism and disorders in the newborn
Hae Soon Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):230-235.   Published online March 15, 2007
In the early neonatal period, the neonate is challenged by the loss of the placental calcium transport and manifests a quick transition, from an environment in which PTHrP plays an important role to a PTH- and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-controlled neonatal milieu. Disturbances in mineral homeostasis are common in the neonatal period, especially in premature infants and infants who are hospitalized in...
Evaluation of function and disorders of the adrenal gland in neonates
Il Tae Hwang
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):236-240.   Published online March 15, 2007
Majority of sick full term newborns have adequate adrenal cortical function in response to stress. Acutely ill neonates with a basal cortisol level less than 15 g/dL (414 nmol/L) suggest adrenal insufficiency and require function testing of adrenal function. In premature infant, immaturity of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis (HPA axis), may limit the ability to increase cortisol production in response...
Original Articles
Clinical features of congenital muscular torticollis
Ji Eun Jun, Hye Kyeong Ryu, Jae Won Shim, Jung Yeon Shim, Hye Lim Jung, Moon Soo Park, Deok-Soo Kim
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):241-247.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a common and benign congenital disorder of the musculoskeletal system in neonates and infants. The pathophysiology is that the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) is shortened on the involved side by fibrosis, leading to ipsilateral tilt and contralateral rotation of the face and chin. In this study, we investigated the clinical features of CMT, the...
Cord blood IL-10, IL-12 in preterm newborns as predictors of respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Jee Yoon Park,, Ji Young Kim, Soo Jin Cho, Young Ju Kim, Hye sook Park, Eun Hee Ha, Eun Ae Park
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):248-254.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Inflammation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of RDS and BPD in the immature lung. We investigated the possible role of IL-10 and IL-12 in the cord blood of preterm newborns with RDS or BPD. Methods : Forty preterm newborns whose mothers received antenatal care at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital between January 2003 to June 2005, and...
High-resolution computed tomography findings of lung parenchyme changes in very low birth weight infants treated with oxygen
Young Man Jin, David Chanwook Chung, Young Pyo Chang, Yung Suk Lee, En Sun Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):255-261.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : The objective of this study is to observe high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings of lung parenchyme in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants between the corrected age of 38-42 weeks who were treated with oxygen after birth, and to compare them to the clinical severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods : The lungs of fourty-four VLBW infants with gestational...
An epidemiologic study on the seropositive rate of hepatitis A virus among a selected group of children and adults in Busan
Young Ok Kwon, Im Jeong Choi, Jin Wha Jung, Ji Hyun Park
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):262-267.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : The prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in a certain community reflects that community's living standards and hygienic conditions. And the pattern of HAV infection differs over time and geography. Recently, a shift in prevalence has been observed in cases from chilhood to adulthood. We studied the HAV antibody prevalence in the general population in Busan. Methods : From...
Prenatal diagnosis and clinical course of restrictive foramen ovale in otherwise normal heart
Ji Joung Lee, Min A Lee, Yun ee Rhee, Mea Young Chang, Hong Ryang Kil
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):268-271.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Premature narrowing of the foramen ovale is rare but serious clinical entity. Prenatal narrowing or obstruction of the foramen ovale shows symptoms such as right heart failure, fetal hydrops, triscupid regurgitation, left heart obstructive disease, and supraventricular tachycardia. This study aimed to assess the prenatal diagnosis and postnatal clinical course of restrictive foramen ovale in utero in otherwise...
Incidence, clinical features and prognosis of Bell's palsy in children
Yoo Jong Won, Kyung Hee Moon, Wan Soo Lee, Seung Woon Keum, Taek Yu, Gyung Jae Oh, Chang Woo Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):272-276.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Bell's palsy is defined as an idiopathic facial nerve paralysis of sudden onset. In spite of intensive clinical and experimental investigation, there is still uncertainty in the incidence, etiology, and preferred mode of treatment in children. The objective of this study was to analyze clinical outcome and prognosis of children with Bell' palsy. Methods : We analyzed 61 cases...
Clinical characteristics of acute renal failure of rhabdomyolysis in children
Jae Hui Kim, Min Ji Goo, Jung Sook Yeom, Eun Sil Park, Ji Hyun Seo, Jae Young Lim, Chan Hoo Park, Hyang Ok Woo, Hee Shang Youn
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):277-283.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Acute renal failure (ARF) is an important complication of rhabdomyolysis. The purpose of this study was to identify the major causes of rhabdomyolysis in children and to identify the factors associated with the developmet of ARF. Methods : A retrospective chart review between January 1997 to June 2005 was conducted of 60 patients with a diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis...
Therapeutic comparison between low-dose sustained-release theophylline dry syrup and capsule in children with mild persistent asthma
Hyun Seung Lee, Hae Kyung Lee, Hi Jeong Kwon, Jeong Hee Kim, Yeong Ho Rha, Jin Tack Kim, Young Ho Kim, Hae Rhan Lee, Bok Yang Pyun
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):284-291.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Theophylline has recently been reported to have concurrent anti-inflammatory effects at low therapeutic plasma concentrations which are below the doses at which significants, clinically useful bronchodilatation is evident. Sustained-release formulation in capsule and dry syrup forms were developed to reduce its adverse effects and improve its clinical effects. We compared the therapeutic effects of theophylline dry syrup and...
Clinical fetures of kawasaki disease in school-aged children
Eun Young Park, Ji Hye Kim, Hae Soon Kim, Sejung Sohn
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):292-297.   Published online March 15, 2007
Purpose : Kawasaki disease (KD) rarely occurs in school-aged children. We clarified the characteristics of KD in this age group to provide tips for a high index of suspicion. Methods : Features of 38 patients with KD who were 7 years of age or older were retrospectively reviewed. Results : The incidence of the KD patients ≥7 years was 4.9 percent. The...
Case Reports
Two cases of postoperative chylothorax treated with parenteral octreotide and conservative therapy
Eun Jin Choi, Sub Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):298-301.   Published online March 15, 2007
Chylothorax is a rare complication following cardiac surgery for congenital heart diseases. Although conservative management is successful in the majority of cases, surgical intervention is required in a refractory one. Recently, subcutaneous or intravenous infusion of octreotide has been used as a safe treatment that helps avoiding surgical intervention. Herein, we report two cases of postoperative chylothorax treated with parenteral...
A case of adrenocortical adenoma following long-term treatment in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Seung Rim Lho, So Hyun Park, Min Ho Jung, Byung Churl Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):302-305.   Published online March 15, 2007
As a result of the widespread use and enhanced quality of high-resolution radiological techniques, a recent report has revealed a relatively high prevalence of small adrenal tumors in patients with untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. However, there are scarcely any pediatric cases of adrenocortical tumor following long-term treatment in patients suffering with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. We report...
A case of restrictive dermopathy
Seung Ik Lee, Chang Hee Hong, Yun Ha Cheong, Mi Seon Kang, Jong Beom Sin
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):306-310.   Published online March 15, 2007
Restrictive dermopathy is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which rigidity or tautness of the skin from the second trimester causes a fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS) and early death. Characteristic features include taut skin with prominent subcutaneous vessels, widely open fontanelles and cranial sutures, distinctive facies, flexion contractures, pulmonary hypoplasia, sparse eyelashes and and eyebrows, thin dysplastic clavicles. The...
Sprengel's deformity associated with a de novo balanced translocation involving chromosome 3 and 17
On Jung, Jung-Hyun Lee, Chung-Sik Chun
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):311-315.   Published online March 15, 2007
This is the first case of a de novo balanced translocation 46, XY, t(3;17)(p12.2;q25) associated with multiple musculoskeletal abnormalities, including Sprengel's deformity (congenital undescended scapula to be reported). This translocation has not been described previously with this congenital anomaly in Korea.
Joubert syndrome with peripheral dysostosis - A case report of long term follow-up -
Jung Tae Kim, Sun Jun Kim, Chan-Uhng Joo, Soo Chul Cho, Dae-Youl Lee
Korean J Pediatr. 2007;50(3):315-318.   Published online March 15, 2007
This report describes the long-term follow-up of a 10-year-old female patient with Joubert syndrome with short stature and brachydactyly. She presented with hyperpnea alternated with hypopnea, uncontrolled jerking eye movements, and hypotonia during early infancy. She was diagnosed with Joubert syndrome based on clinical symptoms and typical MRI findings at 5 months of age. Abnormal ventilation and eye movements disappeared...
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