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Review Article
Neonatology (Perinatology)
Quantifying myelin in neonates using magnetic resonance imaging: a systematic literature review
Nabila Hanem Arshad, Hasyma Abu Hassan, Nur Farhayu Omar, Zurina Zainudin
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024;67(8):371-385.   Published online December 6, 2023
Question: This systematic review attempts to discover the best magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for myelin quantification in neonates by evaluating various MRI parameters and their reproducibility.
Finding: Since the benefits of using synthetic MRI for quantifying myelin in neonates outweigh the very minor draw- backs, it is recommended.
Meaning: The findings suggest the importance of identifying noninvasive MRI techniques available to assess myelin tissue in neonates, which aid in diagnosing neurodevelopmental disorders.
Neurology
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders: clinical spectrum, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options
Yun-Jin Lee, Sang Ook Nam, Ara Ko, JuHyun Kong, Shin Yun Byun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(3):103-110.   Published online May 14, 2020
MOG antibody-associated disorder exhibits different pathophysiological and phenotypic findings than both aquaporin-4 antibody-associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and typical MS. MOG-antibody is of particular interest in pediatric patients with clinical or radiological non-MS typical findings. MOG-antibody was included in a diagnostic algorithm for children recommending for the first time a standardized use in clinical practice except in cases of typical MS.
Original Article
Neurology
Clinical importance of F-waves as a prognostic factor in Guillain-Barré syndrome in children
Eung-Bin Lee, Yun Young Lee, Jae Min Lee, Su Min Son, Su-Kyeong Hwang, Soonhak Kwon, Sae Yoon Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(6):271-275.   Published online June 30, 2016
Purpose

A limited number of studies have examined the link between F-wave abnormalities and clinical presentation in pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Therefore, this study examined the importance of F-wave abnormalities as a prognostic factor in pediatric GBS patients.

Methods

The records and electrodiagnostic studies (EDS) of 70 GBS patients were retrospectively evaluated, and divided into 2 groups according to the results of EDS....

Case Report
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in children: a report of four patients with variable relapsing courses
Soo Jin Chang, Ji Hyun Lee, Shin Hye Kim, Joon Soo Lee, Heung Dong Kim, Joon Won Kang, Young Mock Lee, Hoon-Chul Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(5):194-198.   Published online May 22, 2015

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a chronically progressive or relapsing symmetric sensorimotor disorder presumed to occur because of immunologic antibody-mediated reactions. To understand the clinical courses of CIDP, we report variable CIDP courses in children with respect to initial presentation, responsiveness to medical treatment, and recurrence interval. Four patients who were diagnosed with acute-onset and relapsing CIDP courses at...

Original Article
Characteristics of Developmentally Delayed Infants and Young Children Who Demonstrated Normal Myelination by Brain MRI
Young Se Kwon, Yong Hoon Jun, Young Jin Hong, Byong Kwan Son, Kyoung Hee Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(10):1081-1086.   Published online October 15, 2004
Purpose : To evaluate the clinical characteristics of infants and young children who had developmental delay without delayed myelination and dysmyelination. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 59 cases of developmental disability between July 1996 and June 2001 at Inha University Hospital. Twenty-eight patients showed normal myelination(Group I), while thirty-one patients showed delayed myelination(Group II) by brain MRI. The following clinical records...
Case Report
Two Cases of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease
Ho Seok Kang, Se Wook Oh, Yong Won Park, Chong Guk Lee, Sang Woo Kim, Ghi Jai Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(4):561-566.   Published online April 15, 2000
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease(PMD) is a rare sudanophilic leukodystrophy with a reduced number of mature oligodendrocytes as well as diffuse central nervous system hypomyelination(dysmyelination) due to abnormal synthesis of proteolipid protein. PMD is characterized with pendular nystagmus, stridor, delay in psychomotor development, hypotonia, ataxia, athetosis and extrapyramidal signs. Abnormal high signal intensity is shown in the entire white matter of cerebrum and...
2 Cases of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
Hyun Cheol Lee, Mee Kyung Namgoong, Hae Yong Lee, Hwang Min Kim, Jae Seung Yang, Jong Soo Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(4):568-573.   Published online April 15, 1993
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis(ADEM) is an acute inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It is thought to be an autoimmune mediated disorder which occurs usually after viral or bacterial infections, or after immunization. The clinical manifestations reflect sudden onset of the diffuse involvement of the brain, spinal cord and the meninges. We experienced two cases of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. The...
Original Article
A Case of Adrenoleukodystrophy.
Kee Sung Yang, Soo Tack Bae, Hong Bae Kim, Ji Sub Oh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1989;32(3):430-437.   Published online March 31, 1989
We experienced a case of Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), which is a genetically determined metabolic disorder associated with progressive demyelination of brain white matter and adrenal insuficiency. An 11 year old male revealed rapidly evolving neuologic progression, decreased adrenal reserve, increased plasma content of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and typical radiological findings. We report here the clinical findings of this patient with brief review of...
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