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Original Article
Infection
Role of lung ultrasound patterns in monitoring coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome in children
Satyabrata Roychowdhoury, Subhajit Bhakta, Manas Kumar Mahapatra, Saptarshi Ghosh, Sayantika Saha, Mithun Chandra Konar, Mihir Sarkar, Mousumi Nandi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(7):358-366.   Published online May 13, 2022
Question: Potential role of patterns of lung ultrasonography (US) in monitoring changes in mechanically ventilated patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.
Finding: Interstitial syndrome, an irregular pleural line, and peripheral microconsolidation were the most prevalent findings. Changes in lung aeration after mechanical ventilation corelated with improved oxygenation. A fall in lung ultrasound reaeration score ≤ 5 may predict successful weaning.
Meaning: Lung US is gaining wider utility for monitoring COVID-19 pneumonia.
Review Article
Endocrinology
Understanding of type 1 diabetes mellitus: what we know and where we go
Chong Kun Cheon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2018;61(10):307-314.   Published online October 4, 2018
The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children and adolescents is increasing worldwide. Combined effects of genetic and environmental factors cause T1DM, which make it difficult to predict whether an individual will inherit the disease. Due to the level of self-care necessary in T1DM maintenance, it is crucial for pediatric settings to support achieving optimal glucose control, especially...
Original Article
Oncology
Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder after pediatric solid organ transplantation: experiences of 20 years in a single center
Hyung Joo Jeong, Yo Han Ahn, Eujin Park, Youngrok Choi, Nam-Joon Yi, Jae Sung Ko, Sang Il Min, Jong Won Ha, Il-Soo Ha, Hae Il Cheong, Hee Gyung Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(3):86-93.   Published online March 27, 2017
Purpose

To evaluate the clinical spectrum of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) after solid organ transplantation (SOT) in children.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 18 patients with PTLD who underwent liver (LT) or kidney transplantation (KT) between January 1995 and December 2014 in Seoul National University Children's Hospital.

Results

Eighteen patients (3.9% of pediatric SOTs; LT:KT, 11:7; male to female, 9:9) were diagnosed...

Evaluation of three glucometers for whole blood glucose measurements at the point of care in preterm or low-birth-weight infants
Joon Ho Hwang, Yong-Hak Sohn, Seong-Sil Chang, Seung Yeon Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(8):301-308.   Published online August 21, 2015
Purpose

We evaluated three blood glucose self-monitoring for measuring whole blood glucose levels in preterm and low-birth-weight infants.

Methods

Between December 1, 2012 and March 31, 2013, 230 blood samples were collected from 50 newborns, who weighed, ≤2,300 g or were ≤36 weeks old, in the the neonatal intensive care unit of Eulji University Hospital. Three blood glucose self-monitoring (A: Precision Pcx, Abbott;...

Correlation between the morning hypertension on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and the left ventricular mass in children
Hyun Jung Kim, Kyung Hee Kim, Hong Ryang Kil
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2014;57(9):403-409.   Published online September 30, 2014
Purpose

Although high morning blood pressure (BP) is known to be associated with the onset of cardiovascular events in adults, data on its effects in children with hypertension are limited. Our retrospective study aimed to define the clinical characteristics of children with morning hypertension (MH) and to determine its associated factors.

Methods

We reviewed 31 consecutive patients with hypertension, confirmed by the ambulatory...

Review Article
Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin: a novel biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring of asthma
Chang-Keun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(1):8-12.   Published online January 29, 2013

Asthma is associated with increased levels of eosinophils in tissues, body fluids, and bone marrow. Elevated levels of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) have been noted in asthma patients. Higher levels of EDN and ECP are also associated with exacerbated asthmatic conditions. Thus, EDN, along with ECP, may aid the diagnosis and monitoring of asthma. Several groups...

Original Article
Therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin according to initial dosing regimen in pediatric patients
Dae Il Kim, Mi Sun Im, Jin Hyoung Choi, Jina Lee, Eun Hwa Choi, Hoan Jong Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(12):1000-1005.   Published online December 31, 2010
Purpose

This study aimed to determine the optimal initial vancomycin dose to achieve appropriate trough levels in pediatric patients.

Methods

We analyzed clinical data for 309 children treated with intravenous vancomycin between 2004 and 2009 at 2 different hospitals in South Korea. The patients were 1-16 years old and exhibited normal renal function. Patient data, including reason for treatment and initial dosing regimen,...

The utility of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in obese children
Myung Jin Kim, Jin Young Song
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(6):604-609.   Published online June 15, 2008
Purpose : Obesity in children and adolescence is highly correlated with adult obesity, which can provoke hypertension. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the blood pressure of obese children regularly. In this study, the results of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in obese children and adolescents were evaluated. Methods : ABPM was conducted for selected patients who visited Handong University...
Usefulness of video-EEG monitoring in paroxysmal nonepileptic events of children and adolescents
Jee Yeon Lee, Hee Sun Lee, Wook Sun Choi, So Hee Eun, Ki Hyung Lee, Baik Lin Eun, Joo Won Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(1):62-66.   Published online January 15, 2008
Purpose : This study was designed to clarify the mechanism of proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome patients by using puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephrosis model. Methods : Following administration of various concentrations of PAN and antioxidants we observed the changes of podocyte cytoskeletons in cultured rat glomerular epithelial cells (GEpC) by method of scanning electron microscope, reactive oxyten species (ROS) analysis, permeability assay,...
Pharmacokinetics of Cyclosporine A and Its Therapeutic Effect in Children with Renal Diseases
Woo Sung Chun, Min-Soo Park, Jae Seung Lee, Juyun Yu, Moon Sung Park, Ki-Soo Pa
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(2):193-203.   Published online February 15, 2004
Purpose : To know the body handling properties and anti-proteinuric effect of cyclosporine A(CsA) in children with renal diseases, 34 patients with nephrotic syndrome or glomerular diseases were included to treatment trials and evaluated. Methods : Microemulsion formula CsA, 5 mg/kg/day was administered orally in two divided doses for 9.3?.6 months. Pharmacokinetic studies of CsA were done twice at beginning and...
The Efficacy of Proximal Esophageal 24-hour pH Monitoring in Infants with Chronic Cough
Yun Hee Kim, Ja Kyoung Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Dae Hyun Lim, Byong Kwan Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(12):1242-1247.   Published online December 15, 2003
Purpose : Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) is known as one of the most common causes of chronic cough, especially in children. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of parameters from proximal esophageal 24-hr pH monitoring through its comparison with those of distal esophageal 24-hr pH monitoring that we generally use for diagnosis of GERD. Methods : We performed...
Differential Excretion of Urinary Eosinophil Protein X after Methacholine Challenge Test in Children with Asthma
Su-A Shin, Jae-Won Oh, Ha-Baik Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(5):495-499.   Published online May 15, 2003
Purpose : Eosinophil is one of the important inflammatory cell involved in the airway inflammation in childhood asthma. It has been demonstrated that markers of eosinophil activation, including eosinophil cationic protein or eosinophil protein X(EPX), are increased in childhood asthma. Furthermore, they are related to disease activity and are assumed to be helpful in monitoring the treatment effect as urinary...
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Children with Chronic Cough
Pan Joo Lim, Jae Ock Park, Dong Hwan Lee, Sang Mann Shin, Dong Won Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(9):1234-1242.   Published online September 15, 1998
Purpose : We investigated the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) by 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring in patients who had chronic cough for more than 3 weeks. Methods : From January 1995 to August 1996, 33 patients with chronic cough which had lasted for more than 3 weeks were enrolled in the 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. The result was interpreted with the...
Influence of Feeding and State of Alertness on the Incidence of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Children
Kyung Mo Kim, Jung Yeon Shim, Soo Jong Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(10):1419-1426.   Published online October 15, 1997
Purpose : The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the feeding (fastingpostprandial) and the state of alertness(awake-asleep) on the amount of gastroesophageal reflux by using 24hour esophageal pH metry. Methods : From July 1994 to June 1995, 32 cases of 24 hour esophageal pH metry had been done at the Asan Medical Center. Twenty three children with normal pH monitoring and...
Case Report
A Case of Rett Syndrome Observed with Video-EEG Monitoring
Hyun Mi Kim, Young Ah Lee, TaecSung Ko, Hyung Nam Moon, Chang Yee Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(5):718-725.   Published online May 15, 1994
Rett syndrome is progressive neurodegenerative disorder in female patients, characterized by autistic behavior, mental retardation, loss of purposeful hand skills, sterotypic hand movement, breathing dysfunction, severely impaired language, ataxia, and seizure. The diagnosis of Rett syndrome is based on its characteristic clinical manifestation and course. The electroencephalographic(EEG) findings of Rett syndrome are nonspecific, but a progressive deteriorationin the EEF, characterized...
Original Article
Clinical Observation of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome : In Relation to Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring
Young Ran Yoon, Jin Sook Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, Sun Young Kho, Seong Ja Lee, Mi Jung Kim, Hye Kyung Han, Kyung Hoon Choi, Mi Na Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(12):1656-1662.   Published online December 15, 1993
To identify the neonates at the risk of having meconium aspiration syndrome, the perinatal characteristics and finding of fetal heart rate monitorings in 366 neonates who had meconium-stained amniotic fluid were retrospectively reviewed. The results were as follows ; 1) Overall incidence of MAS was 0.7%. 2) Mortality rate of MAS was 5.8%. 3) The mean Apgar scores at 1-and 5-minute were...
Transcutaneous Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Monitoring in Critically Ill Neonates.
Du Young Choi, Yong Kweon Kim, Yeon Kyun Oh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1990;33(9):1202-1208.   Published online September 30, 1990
We studied the correlation of 85 paired arterial, transcutaneous P02 and 50 paired arterial, trans- cutaneous PCO2, which were obtained from 9 sick preterm infants within first week of their life, who were bom at the Wonkwang University Hospital from March. 1, 1988 to Feb. 28, 1989. And we also analysed the affect of the pH, body temperature, hematocrit and birth weight to...
A Study of Transcutaneous Oxygen Monitoring in Neonatal Intensive Care.
In Suck Ryu, Chul Lee, Ran Namkung, Dong Gwan Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(11):1417-1424.   Published online November 30, 1988
191 simultaneous measurement of arterial PO2 and transcutaneous PO2 were made in 14 sick infants from November, 1986 to April, 1987 who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Yongdong Severance hospital. Differences between TcPO2 and PaO2 in these sick infants were evaluated in the relation to systolic blood pressure, hematocrit, arterial pH and birth weight. There was a linear relationship and...
Gastroesophageal Reflux in Ingants and Clinical Experience with 24-Hour Esophageal pH Monitoring.
Kum Ja Choi, Keun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(4):427-435.   Published online April 30, 1988
Gastroesophageal reflux defined as a dysfunction of the distal esophagus is a major cause of recurrent vomiting and failure to thrive in newborns and young infants. In infants, the differentiation between pathologic, pernicous vomiting and normal “burping” with regurgitation has been difficult until the far advanced complications of weight loss, failure to thrive, anemia from ulcerating esophagitis, or stricutre have been obvious. A number of...
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