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Review Article
Neurology
Rotavirus infection-associated central nervous system complications: clinicoradiological features and potential mechanisms
Kyung Yeon Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(10):483-493.   Published online February 7, 2022
∙ Rotavirus infection-associated central nervous system (CNS) complications are fairly common in children.
∙ Common clinicoradiological features include benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis, acute encephalopathies/encephalitis, cerebellitis, and neonatal rotavirus-associated leukoencephalopathy.
∙ Possible mechanisms for CNS complications include direct viral invasion into the brain via several potential routes such as the blood-brain barrier and vagus nerve, and entry of various brain-damaging mediators and activated immune cells into the brain.
Cardiology
Understanding the importance of cerebrovascular involvement in Kawasaki disease
Jung Sook Yeom, Jae Young Cho, Hyang-Ok Woo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2019;62(9):334-339.   Published online May 16, 2019
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis in infants and young children. However, its natural history has not been fully elucidated because the first case was reported in the late 1960s and patients who have recovered are just now entering middle age. Nevertheless, much evidence has raised concerns regarding the subclinical vascular changes that occur in post-KD patients. KD research...
Original Article
Neurology
Venous angioma may be associated with epilepsy in children
Bo Ryung Kim, Yun Jin Lee, Sang Ook Nam, Kyung Hee Park
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(8):341-345.   Published online August 24, 2016
Purpose

Venous angioma (VA) is the most common congenital abnormality of the intracranial vasculature. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between VA and epilepsy and to identify the characteristics of children with VA and epilepsy.

Methods

The records of all patients aged less than 18 years who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at Pusan National University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Patients...

Case Report
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis diagnosed by brain biopsy
Hee Young Ju, Che Ry Hong, Sung Jin Kim, Ji Won Lee, Hyery Kim, Hyoung Jin Kang, Kyung Duk Park, Hee Young Shin, Jong-Hee Chae, Ji Hoon Phi, Jung-Eun Cheon, Sung-Hye Park, Hyo Seop Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(9):358-361.   Published online September 21, 2015

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is characterized by fever, splenomegaly, jaundice, and pathologic findings of hemophagocytosis in bone marrow or other tissues such as the lymph nodes and liver. Pleocytosis, or the presence of elevated protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid, could be helpful in diagnosing HLH. However, the pathologic diagnosis of the brain is not included in the diagnostic criteria for this...

PHACE association with intracranial, oropharyngeal hemangiomas, and an atypical patent ductus arteriosus arising from the tortuous left subclavian artery in a premature infant
Do-Hyun Kim, Jang Hwan Choi, Jung Ha Lee, Hee Sup Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(1):29-33.   Published online January 31, 2012

PHACE association is a rare neurocutaneous condition in which facial hemangiomas associate with a spectrum of posterior fossa malformations, arterial cerebrovascular anomalies, cardiovascular anomalies, and eye anomalies. We reported a case of PHACE association in a premature infant showing facial, intracranial, and oropharyngeal hemangiomas with evidence of the Dandy-Walker variant and complicated cardiovascular anomalies, including a right-sided aortic arch and...

Original Article
Clinical manifestations of CNS infections caused by enterovirus type 71
Cheol Soon Choi, Yun Jung Choi, Ui Yoon Choi, Ji Whan Han, Dae Chul Jeong, Hyun Hee Kim, Jong Hyun Kim, Jin Han Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(1):11-16.   Published online January 31, 2011
Purpose

Enterovirus 71, one of the enteroviruses that are responsible for both hand-foot-and-mouth disease and herpangina, can cause neural injury. During periods of endemic spread of hand-foot-andmouth disease caused by enterovirus 71, CNS infections are also frequently diagnosed and may lead to increased complications from neural injury, as well as death. We present the results of our epidemiologic research on the...

Case Report
Two cases of central nervous system complications caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
Shin Mi Kim, Ji Seung Heo, Eun Jung Shim, Dae Hyoung Lee, Do Jun Cho, Dug Ha Kim, Ki Sik Min, Ki Yang Yoo
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2008;51(5):533-537.   Published online May 15, 2008
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection causes a wide variety of clinical manifestations in children and young adults, the main one being pneumonia. M. pneumoniae is transmitted from person to person by infected respiratory droplets. Symptoms caused by M. pneumoniae infection can be divided into those involving the respiratory tract, and those caused by extrapulmonary disease. M. pneumoniae infections may cause...
Original Article
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) in Neurologic Disorders of Children
Jin Hee Yun, Jae Guk Cha, Ki Sic Min, Jong Wan Kim, Kwang Nam Kim, Ki Yang Ryoo, Ho Chul Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(8):1132-1140.   Published online August 15, 1995
Purpose : This study was performed to be helpful in early diagnosis and treatment of the children with neurologic disorders. Methods : One hundred and eighty-five pediatric patients with neurologic disorder were studied from May 1991 to March 1994, ranging in age from neonate to 15 years old. All patients were imaged with MRI. We observed age and sex distribution, frequency...
Case Report
Isolated Angiitis of the Central Nervous System
Seon Jin Ji, Jin Young Choi, Won Kyu Choi, Jae Seung Yang, Jong Soo Kim, Myung Soon Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(9):1286-1291.   Published online September 15, 1994
Isolated angiitis of the central nervous system is a rare clinicopathologic entity characterized by vasculitis restricted to the vessels of the central nervous system without other apparent systemic vasculitis. It manifests headache, higher cortical dysfunction, focal neurologic dysfunction and cranial nerve palsies. We experienced a case of isolated angiitis of the central nervous system in 6 year-old girl who was admitted...
Original Article
The value of computerized axial tomography of the brain in children with central nervous system disorders.
Young Gyun Lee, Dae Sung Hwang, Kwang Soo Oh, Hyang Seuk Yoon, Jong Duck Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1991;34(10):1409-1416.   Published online October 31, 1991
The introduction of computerized tomography (CT), a diagnostic method, has revolutionized the evaluation of neurologic disorders in children. And it provides a noninvasive, safe, and rapid diagnosis of intracranial pathology. CT scanning was performed on 126 children with neurologic symptoms who had admitted to department of pediatrics, Wonkwang University Hospital, from January 1986 to June 1990. Our study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of...
Treatment of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia in Children: Remission Induction with Adriamycin and Cytosine Arabinoside, and Postremission Maintenance Chemotherapy with Adriamycin, Cytosine Arabinoside and 6-thioguanine.
Soon Ki Kim, Hyo Seop Ahn, Chang Yee Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1988;31(7):850-862.   Published online July 31, 1988
The authers assessed the effectiveness of chemotherapy in 40 children with AML, experienced at Seoul National University Children’s Hospital during 8 years 5 months from April 1979 to August 1987. Remission induction treatment included adriamycin 30 mg/m2/day IV on days 1-3 and cytosine arabinoside 75 mg/m2/day continuous IV infusion on days 1-5. This regimen was repeated, if necessary, for one or two more courses. After...
Statistical Analysis of 1,349 Cases of In-Patients with Various Tuberculosis in Korea.
Jin Woo Hahn, Jae Hoon Shin, Woo Gill Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1983;26(8):778-785.   Published online August 31, 1983
We studied retrospectively the charts of 1,162 in-patients (that is 1,349 lesions) under 20 years of age who were hospitalized with various tuberculosis in Hanyang University Hospital from May 1972 to December 198L The results of the observation are as follows: 1. Annual distribution of 1,162 patients with tuberculosis revealed little fluctuation over the years. 2. The age and sex distribution of tuberculosis is as follows: The...
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