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Question: Can multisystem inflammatory syndrome in childhood (MIS-C) occur in the neonate associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Finding: A 9-day-old neonate infected with COVID-19 had fever, respiratory distress, and gastrointestinal symptoms suggestive of MIS-C. This neonate recovered after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Meaning: IVIG successfully treated a rare case of a 9-day-old neonate with COVID-19 and severe symptoms suggestive of MIS-C. |
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Question: How would you treat acute life-threatening pulmonary thromboembolism occurring in nephrotic patients? Finding: A 16-year-old woman with minimal change-associated nephrotic syndrome presented with cardiac arrest caused by an acute bilateral pulmonary thromboembolism. Her hemodynamics stabilized with resolution of thrombi while on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and systemic heparinization. Meaning: In selected cases, ECMO with systemic heparinization may rescue patients from acute life-threatening pulmonary thromboembolism even without reperfusion therapy. |
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Question: Although neurologic complications have been reported during the acute phase of infection in children, less is known about the postinfectious phenomenon associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) virus. Finding: We present a case of a 7-year-old female with a prior asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 who subsequently developed encephalopathy and status epilepticus in association with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody positivity. Meaning: Here we present the first case of postinfectious of a MOG spectrum disorder associated with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in a pediatric patient. |
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Question: What should be considered in an immunocompromised child with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Finding: Due to the importance of appropriately managing COVID-19 in children with cancer, the possibility of a fatal outcome should be considered in immunocompromised patients who receive chemotherapy agents. Meaning: In all kinds of infections including COVID-19, disuse management and the development of international guidelines for children with cancer is challenging but important. |
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Question: The use of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers during pregnancy causes lethal neonatal complications. Finding: A neonate, whose mother took a RAS blocker during pregnancy, was diagnosed with renal tubular dysgenesis. He presented with respiratory failure, severe refractory hypotension, and anuria requiring continuous dialysis. Meaning: Physicians should consider any degree of RAS fetopathy in a newborn born to a hypertensive mother who had use of RAS blockers during her pregnancy. |
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Question: What diseases should be considered in a 15-year-old girl presenting enlarged lacrimal and salivary glands? Finding: Laboratory tests revealed elevated IgG4 levels. A submandibular gland biopsy showed lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and more than 40 immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-positive cells per high-power field. The patient was diagnosed with IgG4-related disease. Meaning: Although rare in children, IgG4-related disease should be considered a differential diagnosis in children with enlarged salivary and lacrimal glands. |
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Question: What should be considered in children who complain of pork allergies? Finding: History of raising a cat, the onset of symptoms after the ingestion of pork and specific IgE tests to pork, cat, milk, and Alpha-gal are needed. Meaning: Pork cat syndrome could be the cause of pork allergies. |
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Question: What are the likely causes of pain abdomen in Nephrotic syndrome? Finding: Severe hypovolemia leading to mesenteric ischemia, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, gastroenteritis, adverse effect of corticosteroids leading to gastritis, mesenteric ischemia due to thromboembolism, acute appendicitis, intussusception due to severe gut wall oedema and rarely Psoas abscess. Meaning: Clinical suspicion and careful investigation is warranted to diagnose rare cause of pain abdomen like Psoas abscess. |
Question: How to manage the newborn born to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pregnant? Finding: Medical staff managed the delivery and neonatal care of a COVID-19 pregnant patient was based on the “Guidelines for COVID-19 response.” Meaning: We desire that our management will help treat for subsequent patients and there should be updated continuously the prevention and control consensus strategies for newborn COVID-19. |
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