- Review Articles
- General Pediatrics
- Association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of bone fractures in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Erfan Ayubi, Saeid Safiri, Kamyar Mansori
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(3):96-102. Published online February 5, 2020
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Question: What is the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) on the risk of bone fractures in the offspring?
Finding: After the adjustment for misclassification, MSDP may be associated with a 27% increased risk of bone fracture in the offspring (pooled odds ratio, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.00–1.62; I2=0%; P=0.537)
Meaning: Preventive measures and health education programs should be designed and implemented to encourage women to stop smoking, especially during.
- Neurology
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders: clinical spectrum, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options
- Yun-Jin Lee, Sang Ook Nam, Ara Ko, JuHyun Kong, Shin Yun Byun
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(3):103-110. Published online May 14, 2020
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MOG antibody-associated disorder exhibits different pathophysiological and phenotypic findings than both aquaporin-4 antibody-associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and typical MS. MOG-antibody is of particular interest in pediatric patients with clinical or radiological non-MS typical findings. MOG-antibody was included in a diagnostic algorithm for children recommending for the first time a standardized use in clinical practice except in cases of typical MS.
- Other
- Behavioral insomnia in infants and young children
- Eun Kyeong Kang, Seung Soo Kim
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(3):111-116. Published online July 15, 2020
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• Behavioral insomnia is common and affects a child’s daytime functioning and emotions.
• Diagnosing insomnia using the child’s sleep history, a sleep diary/log, and sleep questionnaires is important.
• Behavioral intervention, the main treatment, involves creating positive associations with sleep, establishing a consistent sleep schedule and bedtime routines, and the development of selfsoothing skills.
- Editorials
- Other
- Is correcting exposure misclassification bias an additional option in meta-analyses?
- Ki Eun Kim
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(3):117-118. Published online January 14, 2021
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Systematic reviews and meta-analyses examine various existing research results. Such studies are conducted according to a technically determined algorithm to minimize errors. It is particularly important to understand basic analytical methods such as the fixed-effect and random-effects models and apply appropriate statistical techniques to verify interstudy heterogeneity. A design that eliminates possible bias from the early stages of the research in a step-by-step manner is required whenever possible.
- Infection
- Catheter care bundle and feedback to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections in pediatric patients
- Hye-Kyung Cho
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(3):119-120. Published online December 8, 2020
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• Intravascular catheter-related infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children, and care bundles are effective and cost-saving in pediatric and neonatal patients.
• Providing regular feedbacks to critical care practitioners is helpful to maintain compliance to care bundle.
• Establishing a bundle policy (insertion and maintenance), monitoring compliance, and providing regular feedbacks are necessary for prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections in pediatric patients.
- Nephrology (Genitourinary)
- Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system during fetal kidney development
- Eujin Park
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(3):121-122. Published online September 22, 2020
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· Fetal exposure to renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors leads to short- and long-term kidney complications.
· Women of reproductive age who are absolutely indicated for RAS inhibitors should be adequately informed of the risks for the duration of treatment.
- Original Articles
- Critical Care Medicine
- Can central venous access device care bundles and regular feedback reduce central line-associated complications in pediatric patients?
- Chanapai Chaiyakulsil, Onsuthi Pharadornuwat
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(3):123-129. Published online July 14, 2020
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Question: Can central line bundles and feedback reduce central line-associated complications in pediatric patients?
Finding: The central line-related bloodstream infection rate decreased from 10.0 catheter-days to 1.4/1,000 catheter-days at 6-month postintervention. The central line occlusion rate was also decreased.
Meaning: Reinforcing central line care bundles with direct feedback can significantly decrease central line-associated complications in pediatric patients.
- General Pediatrics
- Significance of the tethered maxillary frenulum: a questionnaire-based observational cohort study
- Sody A. Naimer, Ariel Israel, Aviezer Gabbay
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(3):130-135. Published online September 7, 2020
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Question: Does a tethered maxillary frenulum in the newborn result in breastfeeding difficulty or other oral symptomatology?
Finding: The analysis of subjects with a tethered maxillary frenulum surveyed beyond a mean 5-year follow-up did not reveal an increase in oral issues versus those of a random agematched control group.
Meaning: These data demonstrate no need to intervene upon the diagnosis of a tethered maxillary frenulum.
- Clinical Note
- Neonatology (Perinatology)
- Secondary renal tubular dysgenesis in a newborn exposed to angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonist during gestation
- Mi Hyeon Gang, Yong Wook Lee, Mea-young Chang
- Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021;64(3):136-138. Published online July 21, 2020
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Question: The use of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers during pregnancy causes lethal neonatal complications.
Finding: A neonate, whose mother took a RAS blocker during pregnancy, was diagnosed with renal tubular dysgenesis. He presented with respiratory failure, severe refractory hypotension, and anuria requiring continuous dialysis.
Meaning: Physicians should consider any degree of RAS fetopathy in a newborn born to a hypertensive mother who had use of RAS blockers during her pregnancy.